capesso Latin · revision 31048

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=280/260–before 200 BC, Livius Andronicus|origins=itc-pro *kapi-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kaˈpɛs.soː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [kaˈpɛs.so]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''capessō''' (present infinitive capessere, perfect active capessīvī, supine capessītum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Pacuvius has the older form ''capissam''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|capiō|t=to take]] with the suffix [[m|la|-essō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan explains it from ⟨*kap-i-ss-⟩, as the form ⟨capissam⟩ shows; he traces ⟨capiō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*kapi-|t=to seize]] and to [[ine-pro|*kh₂p-i-]] or a non-Indo-European ⟨*kap-⟩, and compares [[got|𐌷𐌰𐍆𐌾𐌰𐌽|tr=hafjan|t=to lift]] and [[grc|κάπτω|tr=káptō|t=to gulp down]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Livius Andronicus has ''capesset flammam Volcānī'', of something about to catch fire.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to grasp or take hold of, ''arma capessere'' to take up arms (Virgil), and to seize for oneself, as Plautus' “what hope or help shall I seize?”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to grasp with the mind (Manilius), to betake oneself, to make for a place, as Cicero's “let us make for Malta”, and to occupy a position.^(OLD 2012) Most often it is to enter on a course or journey, to adopt a practice, and to take charge of a task or office: ''rem pūblicam capessere'' is to enter public life, and Plautus has it of carrying out orders.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “seize, lay hold of, undertake, execute”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 280/260–before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus of catching fire.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of seizing hope and going home.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius has the form ''capissam''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of entering public life.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of taking up arms.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To take hold of, [[m|en|seize]], snatch, ''arma capessere'', to take up arms.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To grasp (with the mind).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To betake oneself; to make for (a place).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To enter on, [[m|en|undertake]], ''rem pūblicam capessere'', to enter public life.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To carry out (orders).^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[capiō]]

+ * [[facessō]]

+ * [[lacessō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}