utrimque Latin · revision 30723

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=ine-pro *kʷo-tero-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ʊˈtrɪŋ.kʷɛ]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [uˈtrim.kʷe]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''utrimque''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''utrinque''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|uterque|t=each of two, both]] with the adverbial ending ⟨-im⟩, an adverbial accusative like [[m|la|multum]] and the adverbs in [[m|la|-tim]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists it among the derivatives of [[uter|t=which of two]], which he traces to [[itc-pro|*kʷotero-]] and [[ine-pro|*kʷo-tero-|t=which of two]], remade in Latin after the interrogative stem of [[ubī]] and [[ut]]; cognates are [[osc|pútereípíd|t=in both]], [[grc|πότερος|tr=póteros|t=which of two]], [[sa|कतर|tr=katará-|t=which of two]] and [[got|𐍈𐌰𐌸𐌰𐍂|tr=ƕaþar|t=which of two]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Ennius, ''Annals'': ''horrēscit tēlīs exercitus asper utrimque'', “on both sides the army bristles rough with spears”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Utrimque'' means “on both sides, at both ends” (Lucretius of the air pressing the earth from both sides), and especially on both sides in a battle or war (Ennius) or in a dispute: Livy speaks of good faith kept between allies ''utrimque''.^(OLD 2012) Manilius uses it of both sides of a division or classification.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it “on both sides, in both cases”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of armies on both sides.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of both sides of the world.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of faith kept on both sides.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # On or from both sides; at both ends.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # On both sides (in a war or dispute).^(OLD 2012)

+ # In both cases.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[utrimquesecus]]

+ * [[utrinsecus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[uterque]]

+ * [[uter]]

+ * [[utrubīque]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}