postulo Latin · revision 17886

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 450 BC, Twelve Tables|origins=ine-pro *preḱ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpɔs.tʊ.ɫoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈpɔs.tu.lo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''postulō''' (present infinitive postulāre, perfect active postulāvī, supine postulātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is related to [[poscō]] “to demand”, but its formation is not clear.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Walde–Hofmann and Meiser derive it from an unattested participle ⟨*posk-to-⟩ of the verb;^(de Vaan 2008) Leumann and Sihler from a noun ⟨*postulum⟩ “request”; de Vaan, comparing [[postīliō]], favours a noun ⟨*post-elo-⟩ “asking”.^(de Vaan 2008) The TLL compares the formation of [[ūstulō]].^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|poscō]] to [[itc-pro|*pork-ske-]], from [[ine-pro|*pr̥ḱ-sḱé-]], a present of [[m|ine-pro|*preḱ-|t=to ask]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from the Twelve Tables.^(de Vaan 2008) Plautus has ''impetrāre oportet quī aequom postulat'', “one who asks for what is fair ought to get it”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Postulāre'' is to ask for something as one's due, “to demand”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In law it is to apply to a magistrate for an action or a trial, and then “to prosecute, arraign” someone.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It also means “to expect” as due, of things “to require, call for” (Terence: ''hic diēs aliōs mōrēs postulat'', “this day calls for other ways”), and “to claim, assert”;^(OLD 2012) Varro uses it of laying down a principle, “to postulate”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Church Latin it is “to ask, request, entreat” and “to accuse”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|postulate]] first meant to nominate someone to a church office (1530s), from the Medieval Latin past participle.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 450 BC – Used in the Twelve Tables.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''quī aequom postulat''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence: ''hic diēs aliōs mōrēs postulat''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of postulating first principles.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy: ''postulābantur nōbilēs hominēs'', “noblemen were prosecuted”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – English [[m|en|postulate]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To ask for, [[m|en|demand]], request.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(law)'' To apply to a magistrate for (an action).^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(law)'' To [[m|en|prosecute]], arraign, accuse.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To expect as due.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To require, call for (of things).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To claim, assert;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''(logic)'' to [[m|en|postulate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[appostulō]]

+ * [[dēpostulō]]

+ * [[expostulō]]

+ * [[postulārius]]

+ * [[postulātīcius]]

+ * [[postulātiō]]

+ * [[postulātor]]

+ * [[postulatrix]]

+ * [[postulātum]]

+ * [[postulātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[poscō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein places ''[[petō]]'' and ''[[rogō]]'' between ''[[poscō]]'', a demand, and ''[[ōrō]]'', an entreaty.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}