Portuguese words first recorded in the 12th century

It is inherited from Latin deus (“god”), written Old Galician-Portuguese deus in the oldest texts. Houaiss calls it a semi-learned word, kept close to the Latin by the Church. Unusually, it…

It is inherited from Latin teneō (“to hold, grasp”), written Old Galician-Portuguese tẽer and then without the nasal vowel, ⟨teer⟩, before it took its present form. The form teve of a Latin charter…

It is inherited from Latin nōn (“not”), written Old Galician-Portuguese non in the oldest texts. The same Latin word is Galician non, Spanish no, Catalan no, French non, Italian non and Romanian nu…

It is inherited from Latin podium (“raised base; balcony; height”), by the popular route, written Old Galician-Portuguese poyo in the oldest records. Houaiss lists the Latin senses: the low wall…

It is inherited from Latin marra (“weeding hoe”), a Latin word that Houaiss glosses “hoe for weeding; a kind of fishing hook”. The same Latin word is Italian marra, French marre, Old Occitan marra…

It is inherited from Latin aliquod (“something”), the neuter of aliquis (“someone, something”), written Old Galician-Portuguese algo in the oldest texts. The Latin pronoun is formed from ali- and…

Houaiss, Aurélio and the DLP analyse it as formed from Portuguese falha + -ar. Wiktionary gives this and a second possibility, inheritance from Old Galician-Portuguese fallar, from a verb of the…

It is inherited from Latin hospes (“guest; host”), written Old Galician-Portuguese ospede in the oldest texts. Houaiss glosses the Latin word both as the one who receives a stranger and as the one…

It is inherited from Latin sīc (“thus, so”) with a prefixed ⟨a-⟩, written Old Galician-Portuguese assi in the oldest texts. Houaiss, Cunha, Nascentes and Aurélio take the ⟨a-⟩ to be the preposition…

It is inherited from Latin clāmō (“to shout, cry out”), written Old Galician-Portuguese chamar from the first records. Houaiss calls it the popular form of the Latin verb; clamar is the learned…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *fīgicō (“to fix, drive in”), a frequentative verb formed on fīgō (“to drive in, fix”), written Old Galician-Portuguese ficar in the oldest texts. The old language…

It is inherited from Latin nōs (“we, us”), written Old Galician-Portuguese nos in the oldest texts. Cunha and Nascentes take the stressed pronoun from the stressed use of the Latin word, and the…

It is inherited from Latin quārtus (“fourth”), written Old Galician-Portuguese quarto and Old Galician-Portuguese carto in the oldest texts. The ordinal, the fraction “quarter” and the noun “room”…

Houaiss, Cunha, Wiktionary and the DLP agree that it is inherited from Latin quintāna, written Old Galician-Portuguese quintãa in the oldest texts. In a Roman camp the Latin word named the street…

It is inherited from Latin virtūs (“manliness; valour; moral excellence”). Both the present form and Old Galician-Portuguese vertude are found from the 13th century. Nascentes and Wiktionary regard…

It is inherited from Late Latin eo (“I”), written Old Galician-Portuguese eu in the oldest texts, the popular form of egō (“I”). Meyer-Lübke considered the shortened form pre-Romance; it occurs in…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin eclēsia, written Old Galician-Portuguese igreja in the oldest texts; the Vulgar Latin word is the popular form of Latin ecclēsia (“assembly; congregation of…

It is inherited from Latin meus (“my, mine”), written Old Galician-Portuguese meu in the oldest texts. The feminine minha comes from the Vulgar Latin form mia, for classical mea. Carolina Michaëlis…