Old Norse words first recorded in the 14th century

It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *gilją (“cleft, gully”). The Swedish dialect word gilja (“hollow way”) is the nearest relative. Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon sets it in ablaut with the Nynorsk…

It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *kakǭ (“cake”), which Orel reconstructs as *kakōn. West Germanic has an ablaut variant with a long vowel: Middle Low German kōke and Old High German kuocho, and…

It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *skurō (“notch, incision”), a noun of the zero grade made to Proto-Germanic *skeraną (“to cut”), the source of skera. Orel gives as cognates Old English scoru…

1. The word for the short coat is inherited from Proto-Germanic *stakkaz (“short coat”), shared with Old Frisian stak (“cloak”). Its origin is disputed. Heidermanns and Köbler derive it from an…

1. The word for a thin layer of earth is inherited: de Vries sets up Germanic stems Proto-Germanic *flahō and *flagō beside *flaka, with the cognate Middle Low German vlage (“layer of earth”). Torp…

It is borrowed from Old Saxon bikeri (“beaker”), the Old Saxon and Old Low German word, in Fischer's account, beside Middle Low German bēker, and de Vries likewise takes the West Norse word from the…

It is a verb from Old Norse hvirfill (“crown of the head; whorl”). Wiktionary traces it to Proto-Germanic *hwirbilōną (“to whirl”), formed from *hwirbilaz (“circle, ring, whirl”), itself from…

It belongs with keikr (“bent backwards”), as de Vries, Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon and Köbler agree; Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon also compares Icelandic kiki. Jóhannesson sets the group under the root…

It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *dragjō (“dregs, yeast”). Kroonen describes it as a Germanic and Balto-Slavic stem Proto-Indo-European *dʰragʰ-ieh₂-, matching Lithuanian dragės (“yeast”), Old…