victimo

Forms

victimō (present infinitive victimāre, perfect active victimāvī, supine victimātum); first conjugation^[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin victima (“sacrificial animal”).^[2][1][3] The origin of the noun itself is uncertain.^[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

It is first found in Apuleius' Metamorphoses, where a chosen big he-goat is sacrificed to Mars Secutor and Comes (Marti Secutori Comitique victimant).^[2][5][6]

Semantic evolution

It is a post-classical word.^[5] Latin–Greek glossaries render it βουθυτῶ “sacrifice oxen” and καλλιερῶ, and Latin glossaries immolō.^[7] The Vulgate uses it of sacrificing a son.^[5][3] In Neo-Latin Luther writes of those who “sacrifice the son of God”.^[8] Wiktionary lists Aromanian vatãm as a descendant.^[1]

Timeline

• c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it of sacrificing a goat.^[2][6]
• 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it in Ecclesiasticus.^[5][6]

Meanings

Verb

1. To offer (an animal) in sacrifice, to immolate.^[2][5][9]

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b Georges, Karl Ernst (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th ed., ed. Heinrich Georges, Hannover; Leipzig: Hahn
4. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
5. ^ a b c d e Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
6. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
7. ^ Goetz, Georg (1888–1923), Corpus glossariorum Latinorum, Leipzig: Teubner; vols. VI–VII Thesaurus glossarum emendatarum, digital ed. CGLO, Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
8. ^ Ramminger, Johann, Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, www.neulatein.de
9. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson