suffio
Pronunciation
Forms
suffiō (present infinitive suffīre, perfect active suffīvī or suffiī, supine suffītum); fourth conjugation[1]
Etymology
It is from sub- and a verb *-fiō from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂-ie- (“to make smoke”), from the root Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke”) of fūmus and fūlīgō.[2][1][3] The sound change from *dʰuH-ie- to ⟨-fiō⟩ is disputed: most assume *fūje- unrounded to *fīje-, while Kortlandt posits *-dʰwīō.[2][1] Cognate with Ancient Greek θύω (thúō, “to sacrifice”).[2][3]
Earliest recorded meaning
De Vaan dates it from Cato, who prescribes fumigating a jar with garlands, rush and palm.[2][4] Köbler dates Cato 234–149 BC.[5]
Semantic evolution
It meant to subject to aromatic fumes, fumigate, perfume, as Virgil's hives fumigated with thyme, and to burn an aromatic substance as a fumigant, as Pliny the Elder's anise easing headaches.[3][6] Lewis and Short call it mostly poetic and post-Augustan, and absent from Cicero.[4]
Timeline
- 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of fumigating a jar.[4][5]
- 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of fumigating with thyme.[6][5]
- 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of burning anise.[3][5]
Meanings
Verb
Word family
- suffīmen
- suffīmentum
- suffītiō
- suffītor
- suffītus
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
- ^ a b c d e f Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^ a b c Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
- ^ a b Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.