suffio Latin · revision 6732
16 Oct 2026, 12:32 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=Cato|origins=ine-pro *dʰewh₂-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsʊf.fi.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsuf.fi.o]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''suffiō''' (present infinitive suffīre, perfect active suffīvī or suffiī, supine suffītum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[sub-]] and a verb *-fiō from [[ine-pro|*dʰuh₂-ie-|t=to make smoke]], from the root [[ine-pro|*dʰewh₂-|t=to smoke]] of [[fūmus]] and [[fūlīgō]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) The sound change from *dʰuH-ie- to ⟨-fiō⟩ is disputed: most assume *fūje- unrounded to *fīje-, while Kortlandt posits *-dʰwīō.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[grc|θύω|tr=thúō|t=to sacrifice]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ De Vaan dates it from Cato, who prescribes fumigating a jar with garlands, rush and palm.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to subject to aromatic fumes, fumigate, perfume, as Virgil's hives fumigated with thyme, and to burn an aromatic substance as a fumigant, as Pliny the Elder's anise easing headaches.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Lewis and Short call it mostly poetic and post-Augustan, and absent from Cicero.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of fumigating a jar.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of fumigating with thyme.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of burning anise.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To [[m|en|fumigate]], perfume with aromatic fumes.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To burn (an aromatic substance) as a fumigant.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[suffīmen]]
+ * [[suffīmentum]]
+ * [[suffītiō]]
+ * [[suffītor]]
+ * [[suffītus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[fimum]]
+ * [[foeteō]]
+ * [[fūlīgō]]
+ * [[fūmus]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}