succutio

Forms

succutiō (present infinitive succutere, perfect active succussī, supine succussum); third (-iō variant) conjugation^[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin sub- (“under, from below”) + quatiō (“to shake”).^[2][1][3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Lucretius is the first to use it, of a stone that jolts the rims of a wagon's wheels.^[3][4][5]

Semantic evolution

It was a word of poetry and post-Augustan prose.^[4] Ovid has it of a chariot tossed high, and Seneca of the sea stirred from below;^[3][4] it is especially to jolt a rider or a vehicle.^[2] Apuleius uses it of shaking a small vessel and the head,^[4] and Valerius Maximus figuratively of a face disturbed by a jolt of sadness.^[3][6] Tertullian has it in the sense of rough treatment.^[3]

Timeline

• 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of the jolting of wheels.^[3][5]
• 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of a chariot tossed into the air.^[3][5]
• 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of the sea.^[3][5]
• c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it of shaking the head.^[4][5]

Meanings

Verb

1. To shake from below, jolt (a rider, a vehicle).^[2][3]
2. To fling up, toss aloft.^[4][1]
3. (figurative) To disturb, upset.^[3][6]

Word family

• succussiō
• succussō
• succussor
• succussus

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Conte, Gian Biagio; Pianezzola, Emilio; Ranucci, Giuliano (2010), il Latino: Vocabolario della lingua latina, 3rd ed., Florence: Le Monnier
4. ^ a b c d e f Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
5. ^ a b c d e Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
6. ^ a b Georges, Karl Ernst (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th ed., ed. Heinrich Georges, Hannover; Leipzig: Hahn