Etymologically
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resono

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Pronunciation

  • IPA (Classical): [ˈrɛ.sɔ.noː][1]
  • IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈrɛː.s̬o.no][1]

Forms

resonō (present infinitive resonāre, perfect active resonāvī, supine resonātum); first conjugation[1]

Etymology

It is from re- “back, again” and sonō “to sound”.[2][1][3] Ennius, Pacuvius and Accius have third-conjugation forms ⟨resonit⟩, ⟨resonunt⟩.[2][3]

Earliest recorded meaning

The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of a sound re-echoing, and Ennius, of things resounding.[2] Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.[4]

Semantic evolution

It meant of things to resound, echo, as in Ennius, of creatures to make a ringing sound, and in Virgil to call a name repeatedly or make a place echo.[2] Of a sound it meant to re-echo, as in Plautus, of an accent to ring in someone's speech, as in Cicero, and of a name to be constantly repeated.[2] Of places it meant to ring with a noise, as Virgil's halls resounding with lamentation.[2][5]

In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to resound, re-echo, express.[6] English resound came in the late 14th century through Old French resoner, and English resonate in 1856.[7] It survives in Italian risonare and Romanian răsuna.[1]

Timeline

  • c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a sound re-echoing.[2][4]
  • 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of resounding.[2][4]
  • 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of echoing a name.[2][4]
  • late 14th century – English resound is recorded.[7]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To resound, echo; to make echo.[2]
  2. Of a sound, to re-echo.[2]
  3. Of a place, to ring with.[2]

Word family

  • resonābilis
  • resonantia
  • resonus
  • resonāns
  • resonātiō
  • assonō
  • circumsonō
  • cōnsonō
  • dissonō
  • exsonō
  • īnsonō
  • intersonō
  • obsonō
  • personō
  • praesonō
  • sonō
  • sonus
  • English resound
  • English resonate

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ a b Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  4. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  5. ^ Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
  6. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
  7. ^ a b Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com