Etymologically
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quartadecimani

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Pronunciation

  • Classical: [kʷaːr.ta.dɛ.kɪˈmaː.niː][1]
  • Ecclesiastical: [kʷar.ta.de.t͡ʃiˈmaː.ni][1]

Forms

quārtadecimānī m pl (genitive quārtadecimānōrum); second declension[1] It is also spelled quartadecumānī.[2][3] Later spellings are quartidecimānī and quartodecimānī.[4]

Etymology

It is from Latin quārtadecima (“fourteenth (legion)”) + -ānus, from the feminine of quārtus decimus (“fourteenth”) agreeing with legiō (“legion”).[2][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tacitus uses it for the men of the fourteenth legion in the Histories and the Annals.[2][3][5]

Semantic evolution

In Church Latin the name was given to the Quartodecimans, whom Du Cange describes as heretics, or rather schismatics, named from keeping Easter on the fourteenth day of the moon, the fourteenth of the month Nisan, as the Jews kept Passover; their Greek name was Τεσσαρεσκαιδεκατῖται.[4][1] Wiktionary also connects the name with the Audians, a movement of the fourth century.[1]

Timeline

  • 98–115 AD – Tacitus, of the soldiers of the fourteenth legion.[2][5][6]

Meanings

Noun

  1. The men of the fourteenth legion.[2][3][5]
  2. (Ecclesiastical Latin) The Quartodecimans, who kept Easter on the fourteenth day of Nisan, the day of the Jewish Passover.[4][1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ a b c Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
  4. ^ a b c du Cange, Charles du Fresne, et al. (1883–1887), Glossarium mediae et infimae latinitatis, augmented ed. by Léopold Favre, Niort: L. Favre
  5. ^ a b c Conte, Gian Biagio; Pianezzola, Emilio; Ranucci, Giuliano (2010), il Latino: Vocabolario della lingua latina, 3rd ed., Florence: Le Monnier
  6. ^ Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de