pineus

Forms

pīneus (feminine pīnea, neuter pīneum); first/second-declension adjective^[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin pīnus (“pine”) + -eus.^[2][1][3][4] De Vaan finds several possible etymologies for that noun, comparing Ancient Greek πίναξ (pínax, “board, plank”) or Ancient Greek πίτυς (pítus, “pine”) and Albanian pishë, and thinks it may well be a non-Indo-European tree name.^[5]

Earliest recorded meaning

De Vaan and Köbler date it from Cato,^[5][4] who uses it of stakes of pinewood.^[2]

Semantic evolution

It means of the pine tree, as Celsus' pine resin, consisting of or covered with pines, as Cornelius Severus' pine foliage on the Apennines and Virgil's pine forest, and like a pine.^[2][6] It also means made of pinewood: Virgil has a fire of pine and calls the wooden horse at Troy the pine enclosure.^[2][6] The TLL finds it in Cato, Varro, Catullus, Lucretius and Virgil, and often in the poets and technical writers.^[3]

Timeline

• 234–149 BC – Cato of pine stakes.^[2][5][4]
• 96–55 BC – Lucretius of pine wreaths.^[6]
• 70–19 BC – Virgil of pine forests and the wooden horse.^[6]
• 14–37 AD – Celsus of pine resin.^[2]

Meanings

Adjective

1. Of the pine tree; covered with pines; like a pine.^[2][6][1]
2. Made of pinewood.^[2][6]

Word family

• pīnea
• pīneum

Related words

• pīnus

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
4. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
5. ^ a b c de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
6. ^ a b c d e f Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press