Etymologically
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pampinus

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Pronunciation

  • Classical: [ˈpam.pɪ.nʊs][1]
  • Ecclesiastical: [ˈpam.pi.nus][1]

Forms

pampinus m or f (genitive pampinī); second declension[1] It is usually masculine, but feminine in Lucilius and Cornelius Severus;[2] Servius says Varro often used it as a feminine.[3][4]

Etymology

The origin is uncertain.[5][2] The TLL calls it a foreign word,[5] and the OLD tentatively compares Ancient Greek ἄμπελος (ámpelos, “vine”).[2] Pokorny places it among words meaning “to swell”, with Lithuanian pampti (“to swell up”), Lithuanian pùmpa (“knob”) and Latvian pumpe (“bump”), taking the first sense as “bud”;[6][1][7] Lewis and Short likewise connected it with a root meaning “to swell”, as in papula “pustule”.[3] Isidore of Seville explained it from its hanging from the palmes, the vine branch.[5]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler records it first in Ennius,[7] who writes of joyful vines growing downy with shoots (vites laetificae pampinis pubescere).[2]

Semantic evolution

It is a young vine shoot, a tendril, or the foliage of a vine.[2][3] Plautus mentions a creature (involvulus) that wraps itself in a vine leaf, Cato gives instructions for tying up the tender shoots, Cicero describes grapes clothed in leaves, Virgil speaks of the vine leaves that protect the grapes, and Horace of Liber's temples crowned with green vine leaves.[2][3] Columella and Pliny the Elder write of shoots sprouting from the buds and of stripping them off.[3][8] Pliny also uses it of a shoot or tendril of other climbing plants, and of the twisted strand of eggs that octopuses lay.[2][3] In Ecclesiastical Latin it means a vine leaf.[9]

Timeline

  • 204–169 BC – Ennius writes of vines growing downy with shoots.[2][7]
  • 81–43 BC – Cicero describes grapes clothed in vine leaves.[2][7]
  • 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of the tendrils of other plants.[2][7]
  • c. 560–636 AD – Isidore of Seville gives an etymology of it.[5][7]

Meanings

Noun

  1. A young vine shoot, a tendril; vine foliage, a vine leaf.[2][3]
  2. A shoot or tendril of other climbing plants.[2][3]
  3. Anything resembling a vine shoot.[2]

Word family

  • pampināceus
  • pampinārius
  • pampineus
  • pampinō
  • pampinōsus
  • pampinārium
  • pampinātiō
  • pampinātor
  • pampinātus
  • palmes

References

  1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  4. ^ Georges, Karl Ernst (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th ed., ed. Heinrich Georges, Hannover; Leipzig: Hahn
  5. ^ a b c d Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
  6. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, Bern; Munich: Francke
  7. ^ a b c d e f Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  8. ^ Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
  9. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson