onerarius
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Pronunciation
Forms
onerārius (feminine onerāria, neuter onerārium); first/second-declension adjective[1]
Etymology
It is from Latin onus (“load”) + -ārius.[2][1][3] The noun onus goes back to Proto-Italic *onos and Proto-Indo-European *h₃en-os (“load”).[4] Cognate with Sanskrit अनस् (ánas-, “heavy cart”).[4]
Earliest recorded meaning
The Thesaurus finds it in a few passages each from Naevius, Plautus, Sisenna and Cicero on.[3]
Semantic evolution
It means used for carrying loads, especially of ships: navis oneraria is a cargo ship or transport, opposed to the light actuaria in Sisenna and frequent in Caesar.[2][5] Livy has iumenta oneraria, beasts of burden.[5] As a feminine noun, with navis understood, oneraria is a merchant ship or transport, as in Cicero.[2][5]
Timeline
- c. 235–200 BC – Naevius.[3][6]
- c. 250–184 BC – Plautus.[3][6]
- 81–43 BC – Cicero of a merchant ship.[5][6]
- c. 50 BC – Caesar of transport ships.[5][6]
Meanings
Adjective
- For carrying loads;[2][5][1] navis oneraria, a cargo ship, transport;[2][5][1] iumenta oneraria, beasts of burden.[2][5][1]
Noun
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^ a b c d Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
- ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de