inclutus

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [ˈɪŋ.kɫʊ.tʊs]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈiŋ.klu.tus]^[1]

Forms

inclutus (feminine incluta, neuter inclutum); first/second-declension adjective^[1] Also inclitus and inclytus, and Lewis & Short reject inclytus.^[2][3]

Etymology

It is from in- and ⟨clutus⟩ “famous”, the participle of clueō “to be spoken of”.^[2][4][5] De Vaan traces ⟨clueō⟩ to Proto-Italic *klu-ē- (“to be known”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlu-tó- (“heard, famous”); cognate with Ancient Greek κλυτός (klutós, “famous”) and Sanskrit श्रुत (śrutá-, “heard, famous”).^[6][2]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler's earliest source is Naevius, whom he dates c. 235–200 BC.^[5]

Semantic evolution

It meant famous, renowned, celebrated, as in Plautus, Lucretius, Virgil and Livy, and Cicero remarks on the accent of its first syllable.^[2][3][7]

British Medieval Latin spelled it inclitus.^[8]

Timeline

• c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it.^[5]
• c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^[7][5]
• 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it.^[7][5]

Meanings

Adjective

1. Famous, renowned, celebrated.^[2]

Related words

• clueō
• celeber
• glōria

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
4. ^ Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
5. ^ a b c d e Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
6. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
7. ^ a b c Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
8. ^ Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press