incenatus
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Pronunciation
Forms
incēnātus (feminine incēnāta, neuter incēnātum); first/second-declension adjective[1]
Etymology
It is from Latin in- + cēnātus (“having dined”),[2][3] the negative of the participle of cēnō (“to dine”);[4] Köbler refers it to cēna (“dinner”).[4]
Earliest recorded meaning
It is first found in Plautus,[4][3] in a joke in the Aulularia: superi incenati sunt et cenati inferi, those upstairs have had no dinner and those below have dined.[2][3]
Semantic evolution
Plautus uses it again of an old man who is to be pushed out of the house without his dinner,[2][3] and Cato's medical advice tells a patient to drink honeyed water and go to bed without eating.[5][2] Lewis & Short note that it occurs before and after the classical period; the physician Scribonius Largus has it too.[5][2]
Timeline
- c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of people who have not dined.[2][4]
- 234–149 BC – Cato uses it in medical advice.[2][4]
- c. 47 AD – Scribonius Largus uses it.[2][4]
Meanings
Adjective
References
- ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^ a b c d Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
- ^ a b c d e f Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
- ^ a b c d Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press