haribergum

Forms

haribergum n (genitive haribergī); second declension^[1][2] Also spelled ⟨heribergum⟩ and ⟨herbergum⟩.^[1][2] Köbler and Niermeyer connect ⟨albergum⟩, ⟨arbergum⟩ and ⟨albergium⟩ with it.^[2][1] The MLW files ⟨heribergum⟩ under the feminine ⟨herberga⟩, and ⟨haribergum⟩ under ⟨albergum⟩.^[3]

Etymology

It is from Proto-Germanic *harjaz (“army”) + *bergan (“to shelter, protect”), a Germanic word in Latin form.^[2][1] Köbler takes the first part back to Proto-Indo-European *koros (“army, war”) and the second to Proto-Indo-European *bʰerg̑ʰ- (“to shelter, keep safe”).^[2] The MLW compares Old High German hereberga.^[3] English harbor probably goes back to the same compound, through Old English here-beorg (“lodgings, quarters”).^[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler's earliest source is the Pactus legis Salicae, of 507–511 (the date is uncertain), which has the spelling ⟨herbergum⟩.^[2]

Semantic evolution

Niermeyer defines it as an army camp.^[1][2] A diploma of Charlemagne is dated actum in haribergō pūblicō, “done in the public camp”,^[3] and a capitulary complains that men from beyond the Seine had destroyed the heribergum built by royal order the year before.^[3] The MLW gives this form the sense of a lodging or quarters.^[3] Köbler also records it of the right of lodging, a payment made to be free of the duty of lodging, a household or court, and an estate:^[2] these are the senses Niermeyer and the MLW give for the variant ⟨albergum⟩.^[1][3]

Timeline

• 507–511? – The Pactus legis Salicae has the spelling ⟨herbergum⟩.^[2]

Meanings

Noun

1. (Medieval Latin) An army camp, encampment.^[1][2][3]
2. (Medieval Latin) A lodging, quarters.^[3]
3. (Medieval Latin) The right of lodging; a payment or tax due instead of it.^[2][1]
4. (Medieval Latin) A household or court; an estate.^[2][1]

Related words

• albergum
• English harbor

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
3. ^ a b c d e f g h Mittellateinisches Wörterbuch bis zum ausgehenden 13. Jahrhundert (1967–), Munich: C. H. Beck; Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
4. ^ Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com