Etymologically
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fidelitas

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Pronunciation

  • IPA (Classical): [fɪˈdeː.lɪ.taːs][1]
  • IPA (Ecclesiastical): [fiˈdɛː.li.tas][1]

Forms

fidēlitās f (genitive fidēlitātis); third declension[1]

Etymology

It is from fidēlis “faithful”, from fidēs “faith”, with the suffix -tās.[2][1][3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler's first source is Plautus, whom he dates c. 250–184 BC.[4]

Semantic evolution

It meant faithfulness, loyalty, fidelity.[2] Döderlein explains that fidēs and fidēlitās are the faithfulness a man keeps towards others, fidēs in the wider sense.[5]

In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant faithfulness, fidelity, trustworthiness.[6] Medieval Latin used it for the allegiance owed by subjects to the king and by vassals to their lord, and iūs fidēlitātis was the oath of fealty.[7][4] British Medieval Latin used it for fidelity, as a title, and for a pledge.[8] It survives in Italian fedeltà and Spanish fieldad, and was borrowed again as French fidélité, which gave English fidelity in the early 15th century.[1][3]

Timeline

  • c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.[4]
  • early 15th century – English fidelity is recorded.[3]

Meanings

Noun

  1. Faithfulness, loyalty, fidelity.[2]
  2. (Medieval Latin) Allegiance, fealty.[7]

Usage notes

Döderlein distinguishes it from fidēs.[5]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ a b c Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
  4. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  5. ^ a b Döderlein, Ludwig (1874), Döderlein’s Hand-book of Latin Synonymes, tr. H. H. Arnold, Andover: W. F. Draper
  6. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
  7. ^ a b Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill
  8. ^ Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press