Etymologically
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corporalis

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Pronunciation

  • Classical: [kɔr.pɔˈraː.lɪs][1]
  • Ecclesiastical: [kor.poˈraː.lis][1]

Forms

corporālis (neuter corporāle, adverb corporāliter); third-declension two-termination adjective[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin corpus (“body”) + -ālis.[2][3][1] De Vaan traces corpus to Proto-Italic *korp-os- and Proto-Indo-European *ḱrp-os- (“body”).[4] Cognate with Old English hrif (“belly, womb”) and Old High German href (“lap”).[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

The TLL and Köbler date it from Seneca's letters,[3][5] where the good of a man must be a body, since man himself is corporeal.[2]

Semantic evolution

It means belonging to the body, bodily or physical as opposed to mental, and also possessed of a body, material.[2][6] Seneca says that some things are corporeal and others incorporeal, and that the Stoics call wisdom corporeal.[6] Lewis & Short find it most frequent in the jurists, for things that can be touched, as pledges and possession.[6] It is common in Church writers.[3] In medieval texts it means actual or in person: corporālis possessiō, actual possession, and a corporāle iūrāmentum, an oath taken in person.[7] Wiktionary also gives a grammatical sense, concrete.[1] Köbler records it in the letters of Boniface and Lull in the 8th century.[5]

Timeline

  • 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca, of bodily things.[2][3][5]
  • 716–786 AD – The letters of Boniface and Lull.[5]
  • Medieval Latin – “actual”, as in actual possession.[7]

Meanings

Adjective

  1. Of the body, bodily, physical.[2][6][1]
  2. Having a body, material, corporeal.[2][6][1]
  3. (Medieval Latin) Actual; in person.[7]
  4. (grammar) Concrete.[1]

Word family

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ a b c d Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
  4. ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  5. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  6. ^ a b c d e Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  7. ^ a b c Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill