claudico

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [ˈkɫau̯.dɪ.koː]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈklaːu̯.di.ko]^[1]

Forms

claudicō (present infinitive claudicāre, perfect active claudicāvī, supine claudicātum); first conjugation^[1] Cicero has the spelling clōdicō.^[2]

Etymology

It is from Latin claudus (“lame”) + -icō.^[3][4][1] De Vaan calls the origin of ⟨claudus⟩ uncertain: many connect it with clāvis “bar” and clāva “club”, as “one who goes with a staff”, but the formation is doubtful.^[5]

Earliest recorded meaning

The OLD's earliest citations are Varro, of limping and of being defective.^[3] Köbler dates Varro 116–27 BC.^[6]

Semantic evolution

It meant to be lame, limp, as in Cicero's graviter claudicāre “to limp badly”; in Lucretius to lean to one side; figuratively to be halting or defective, as in Varro and Cicero; and in Columella to fall short in amount.^[3][7]

In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to limp, be lame.^[8]

Timeline

• 116–27 BC – Varro uses it.^[3][6]
• 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of leaning to one side.^[3][6]
• 1st century AD – Columella uses it of falling short.^[3][6]

Meanings

Verb

1. To limp, be lame.^[3][8]
2. To lean to one side.^[3]
3. To falter, be defective.^[3]
4. To fall short.^[3]

Word family

• claudicātiō
• inclaudicō

Related words

• claudus
• English claudication

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
4. ^ Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
5. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
6. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
7. ^ Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
8. ^ a b Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson