Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Italian word sommesso

Confidence
Established
Formation
Inherited
First attested
1353 Boccaccio, Decameron More words from the 14th century
Inherited from
Latin submissus
Ultimate origin
Latin mittō
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin mittō
French mettre
Italian mettere
Spanish meter
Latin submittō
French soumettre
Spanish someter
English submit
Latin submissus
Italian sommesso
From the same root
English manumission ← mittō
Italian messa ← mittō
Latin admittō ← mittō
Latin āmittō ← mittō
Latin circummittō ← mittō
Latin committō ← mittō
Latin dēmittō ← mittō
Latin dīmittō ← mittō
Latin ēmittō ← mittō
Latin immittō ← mittō
Latin intermittō ← mittō
Latin intrōmittō ← mittō
Latin manūmittō ← mittō
Latin missa ← mittō
Latin missilis ← mittō
Latin missiō ← mittō
Latin missīvus ← mittō
Latin missus ← mittō
Latin omittō ← mittō
Latin permittō ← mittō
Latin praemittō ← mittō
Latin praetermitto ← mittō
Latin prōmittō ← mittō
Latin remittō ← mittō
Latin trānsmittō ← mittō
Romanian comite ← mittō
Spanish cometer ← mittō
French démettre ← mettre
French mise ← mettre
Italian rimettere ← mettere
See all derived words →

Pronunciation

  • /somˈmes.so/[1]

Forms

sommesso (feminine sommessa, masculine plural sommessi, feminine plural sommesse)[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin submissus (“lowered; low, soft”), also spelled summissus, the past participle of submittō (“to lower, put under”), formed from sub- (“under”) and mittō (“to send, put”).[2][3][1][4] In Italian it is the past participle of sommettere used as an adjective;[5][6][7] GRADIT files it under that verb, which continues the same Latin verb.[5][6][7] Tommaseo took it for a shortening of sottomesso, but notes that the longer word is not used of a soft voice.[8]

Earliest recorded meaning

DELI's first record is in Boccaccio's Decameron (1353), of a low, subdued voice: the lady “called him in a low voice through a little hole” (con voce sommessa da un pertugetto che v'era il chiamò).[2][9] DEI dates it to the 14th century with Petrarch.[7]

Semantic evolution

Old forms are somesso, somisso, sonmesso and sumesso; the Ovid translation and Cellini wrote somissa voce, still close to the Latin summissa.[9] The word was used above all of the voice, of whispered words and prayers, and of a calm, discreet tone.[9]

The older Latin sense “submissive, humble” lives on in literary use, and in a figurative sense “modest, not assertive”, as in a mio sommesso avviso “in my humble opinion”.[10][11][12] As an adverb it means “softly”, as in Manzoni's Di vostre speranze parlate sommesso (“speak softly of your hopes”).[10][11] DEI records the old derivatives sommessevole (17th century, Segneri) and sommessivo (16th century, Davanzati).[7]

Timeline

  • 1353 – Boccaccio uses voce sommessa in the Decameron.[2][9]
  • 16th century – Davanzati uses sommessivo.[7]
  • 17th century – Segneri uses sommessevole.[7]

Meanings

Adjective

  1. Of a sound, especially the voice: low, soft, subdued, barely audible: Mi rispose con un filo di voce sommessa.[5][10][13][14]
  2. (literary, uncommon) submissive, humble: un'aria sommessa e rassegnata.[5][10][13][12][14]
  3. (figurative) Modest, not assertive: a mio sommesso avviso “in my humble opinion”.[10][14]

Adverb

  1. (literary) Softly, under one's breath.[10][13][12]

Word family

  • sommessamente
  • sommessevole
  • sommettere
  • sottomesso
  • sommissione
  • Latin submissus

Usage notes

An old homograph sommesso was a unit of length, the breadth of a fist with the thumb raised (about 15 cm), once used in northern Italy and Tuscany;[5][12][10][15] GRADIT dates it to before 1405 and Zingarelli to before 1348, and it probably comes from Latin sēmissis “half an as”.[5][12][10][15] Boccaccio describes a woman “not a sommesso tall” (che non era alta un sommesso).[12][8] DEI notes that the measure still lives in northern Italy outside the Veneto, as Lombard somes with the stress drawn back, and that Venetian soméso is recorded in 1420.[7]

References

  1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c Cortelazzo, Manlio; Zolli, Paolo (1999), Dizionario etimologico della lingua italiana, 2nd ed. by Manlio Cortelazzo and Michele A. Cortelazzo, Bologna: Zanichelli
  3. ^ Nocentini, Alberto; Parenti, Alessandro (2010), l'Etimologico: vocabolario della lingua italiana, Firenze: Le Monnier
  4. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  5. ^ a b c d e f De Mauro, Tullio (ed.) (2003), Grande dizionario italiano dell'uso, CD-ROM version 2.0, Torino: UTET
  6. ^ a b Wikizionario (Italian Wiktionary), it.wiktionary.org
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Battisti, Carlo; Alessio, Giovanni (1950–1957), Dizionario etimologico italiano, 5 vols., Firenze: Barbèra (reprint 1975), p. 3541
  8. ^ a b Tommaseo, Niccolò; Bellini, Bernardo (1861–1879), Dizionario della lingua italiana, 4 vols., Torino: UTET
  9. ^ a b c d Battaglia, Salvatore; Bàrberi Squarotti, Giorgio (1961–2002), Grande dizionario della lingua italiana, 21 vols., Torino: UTET; digital ed. Accademia della Crusca, p. 19, 385
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h Devoto, Giacomo; Oli, Gian Carlo; Serianni, Luca; Trifone, Maurizio (2026), Nuovo Devoto–Oli: il vocabolario dell'italiano contemporaneo, digital ed., Milano: Le Monnier
  11. ^ a b Duro, Aldo (ed.) (1986–1994), Vocabolario della lingua italiana, Roma: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana; online ed. treccani.it/vocabolario (2008 copy)
  12. ^ a b c d e f Zingarelli, Nicola (2009), Lo Zingarelli 2010: vocabolario della lingua italiana, Bologna: Zanichelli
  13. ^ a b c Sabatini, Francesco; Coletti, Vittorio; Manfredini, Manuela (2026), Dizionario italiano Sabatini Coletti, digital ed., Milano: Sansoni / Rizzoli Larousse
  14. ^ a b c Vocabolario della lingua italiana Treccani (2011), Roma: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana
  15. ^ a b Battaglia, Salvatore; Bàrberi Squarotti, Giorgio (1961–2002), Grande dizionario della lingua italiana, 21 vols., Torino: UTET; digital ed. Accademia della Crusca, p. 19, 386

Related etymologies

Cite this entry

“Sommesso.” Etymologically, 14 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/it/sommesso. Accessed 15 Nov. 2026.

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