pistoiese

Forms

pistoiese m or f by sense (plural pistoiesi)^[1] Older forms are pistolese and pistorese.^[2][3][1][4]

Etymology

It is formed from Italian Pistoia + -ese, from the name of the Tuscan city.^[5][2][6] Sabatini–Coletti and Wiktionary trace it to Latin Pistōriēnsis (“of Pistoria”), from Pistōrium, the Latin name of Pistoia, and De Mauro compares the Latin adjective.^[7][1][5][8]

The old form pistorese is the source of the surgeon's knife bisturi: bistouri goes back to it, Pistoia being once known for its blades.^[9][10][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Zingarelli dates the word to before 1373.^[11] Sabatini–Coletti finds the form pistorese as early as the 11th century.^[7]

Semantic evolution

Battisti and Alessio date the modern form to the 18th century, and De Mauro and Devoto–Oli to before 1789.^[4][5][12] As a noun it names a person from Pistoia, the local dialect, and the territory around the city (il Pistoiese).^[5][2][3] Battisti and Alessio also record it for a light two-wheeled carriage.^[4] The older form pistolese became the name of a short broad knife in the 15th century.^[10]

Timeline

• 11th century – the form pistorese is recorded.^[7]
• Before 1373 – pistoiese is recorded.^[11]
• 15th century – pistolese names a short, broad knife.^[10]
• 1771 – bistorì, the French loan that goes back to pistorese, is recorded in D'Alberti.^[9]
• Before 1789 – De Mauro's date for the modern form.^[5]

Meanings

Adjective

1. Of or from Pistoia.^[5][12][1]

Noun

1. A native or inhabitant of Pistoia.^[5][12][1]
2. The dialect of Pistoia, a Tuscan dialect.^[5][2][6]
3. (usually capitalised) The territory around Pistoia.^[5][2][7]
4. (capitalised) The football club of Pistoia.^[5]

Word family

• pistoiesismo

Related words

• Pistoia
• pistolese
• bisturi
• Latin Pistōriēnsis

Usage notes

The GDLI records a separate pistoiese meaning a large pistol, from pistola.^[13]

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Vocabolario della lingua italiana Treccani (2011), Roma: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana
3. ^ a b Gabrielli, Aldo (2020), Grande dizionario italiano, digital ed., Milano: Hoepli
4. ^ a b c Battisti, Carlo; Alessio, Giovanni (1950–1957), Dizionario etimologico italiano, 5 vols., Firenze: Barbèra (reprint 1975), p. 2953
5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j De Mauro, Tullio (ed.) (2003), Grande dizionario italiano dell'uso, CD-ROM version 2.0, Torino: UTET
6. ^ a b Wikizionario (Italian Wiktionary), it.wiktionary.org
7. ^ a b c d Sabatini, Francesco; Coletti, Vittorio; Manfredini, Manuela (2026), Dizionario italiano Sabatini Coletti, digital ed., Milano: Sansoni / Rizzoli Larousse
8. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
9. ^ a b Cortelazzo, Manlio; Zolli, Paolo (1999), Dizionario etimologico della lingua italiana, 2nd ed. by Manlio Cortelazzo and Michele A. Cortelazzo, Bologna: Zanichelli
10. ^ a b c Nocentini, Alberto; Parenti, Alessandro (2010), l'Etimologico: vocabolario della lingua italiana, Firenze: Le Monnier
11. ^ a b Zingarelli, Nicola (2009), Lo Zingarelli 2010: vocabolario della lingua italiana, Bologna: Zanichelli
12. ^ a b c Devoto, Giacomo; Oli, Gian Carlo; Serianni, Luca; Trifone, Maurizio (2026), Nuovo Devoto–Oli: il vocabolario dell'italiano contemporaneo, digital ed., Milano: Le Monnier
13. ^ Battaglia, Salvatore; Bàrberi Squarotti, Giorgio (1961–2002), Grande dizionario della lingua italiana, 21 vols., Torino: UTET; digital ed. Accademia della Crusca, p. 13, 572