*hund

Reconstruction

Wiktionary reconstructs *hund "dog" for Proto-West Germanic.^[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *hundaz (“dog”),^[2][3] which Kroonen cites by its stem *hunda- and Köbler as *hunda-, *hundaz.^[3][4] Boutkan and Siebinga set up a Proto-Frisian *hund from Proto-Germanic *hundaz.^[5] Ringe and Taylor cite the word among those in which stressed *u was not lowered anywhere in Northwest Germanic, because a nasal followed in the coda of the syllable.^[2]

Morphology

A masculine a-stem.^[6][7]

Evidence

The word is attested in Old English hund, Old Frisian hund, Old Saxon hund and Old High German hunt,^[2] and EWA calls it common Germanic.^[7] Old Dutch has the plural hunda in the Old Low Franconian psalms,^[8] first recorded 918–948.^[9] Old High German has the word in the Abrogans and other glosses, in Tatian, Otfrid and Notker.^[7]

Meanings

1. dog^[1]

Old Frisian also used the word as a term of abuse, and perhaps for a silver figure and for a tool.^[10]

Reflexes

• Old English: hund (“dog”)^[11]
• Old Frisian: hund (“dog”)^[10]
• Old Saxon: hund (“dog”)^[12]
• Old Dutch: hund (“dog”)^[8][9]
• Old High German: hunt (“dog”)^[7]

References

1. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. *hund
2. ^ a b c Ringe, Don; Taylor, Ann (2014), The Development of Old English, A Linguistic History of English II, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 29
3. ^ a b Kroonen, Guus (2013), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 256
4. ^ Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Germanisches Wörterbuch, 5th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. *hunda-, *hundaz
5. ^ Boutkan, Dirk; Siebinga, Sjoerd Michiel (2005), Old Frisian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 1, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. s.v. hund
6. ^ Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Altenglisches Wörterbuch, 4th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. hund
7. ^ a b c d Lloyd, Albert L.; Springer, Otto; Lühr, Rosemarie, et al. (1988–), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; online ewa.saw-leipzig.de, p. s.v. hunt
8. ^ a b Köbler, Gerhard, Altniederfränkisches Wörterbuch, online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. hund
9. ^ a b Oudnederlands Woordenboek (2009–), Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal, Leiden; gtb.ivdnt.org, p. s.v. hunt
10. ^ a b Hofmann, Dietrich; Popkema, Anne Tjerk (2008), Altfriesisches Handwörterbuch, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, p. s.v. hund
11. ^ Holthausen, Ferdinand (1934), Altenglisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, p. s.v. hund
12. ^ Berr, Samuel (1971), An Etymological Glossary to the Old Saxon Heliand, Berne / Frankfurt: Herbert Lang, p. 211