*andijōn

Reconstruction

Wiktionary reconstructs *andijōn "to end, to bring to an end, to finish" for Proto-West Germanic.^[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *andijōną (“to end”),^[2][3] which Orel reconstructs as *anđjōjanan, derived from the noun *anđjaz "end".^[3] Wiktionary's Proto-West Germanic entry analyses the verb as *andī "end" with the suffix *-ōn.^[1] EWA notes that the suffix of Old High German entōn was also used to derive verbs from ja-stems such as enti (“end”), and that spellings with ⟨-eo-⟩ point to *-jō-.^[4]

Morphology

A weak verb of class II.^[4][5][6]

Evidence

The verb is recorded in Old English endian, Old Frisian endia, Old Saxon endion and Old High German entōn,^[5][7][6][4] and outside West Germanic in Old Norse enda.^[3][4] The Heliand has the Old Saxon verb as ⟨endon⟩ and ⟨endiad⟩.^[6]

Meanings

1. to end, to bring to an end, to finish^[1][3]

Old English also used the verb for "to abolish, to destroy" and "to die",^[5] Old Frisian for "to bring to a decision",^[7] and Old High German for "to complete, to fulfil" and "to limit".^[4]

Derivatives

• Old High German formed the prefixed verbs gientōn (“to end, to complete”) and firentōn (“to complete, to destroy, to die”),^[4] and Old English has the verb with ge- and þurhge-.^[5]

Reflexes

• Old English: endian (“to end, to finish, to abolish, to die”)^[5]
• Old Frisian: endia (“to end, to finish, to decide”)^[7]
• Old Saxon: endion (“to end, to stop”)^[6]
• Old High German: entōn (“to end, to complete, to fulfil, to limit”)^[4]

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. *andijōn
2. ^ Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. *andijōną
3. ^ a b c d Orel, Vladimir (2003), A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 18
4. ^ a b c d e f g Lloyd, Albert L.; Springer, Otto; Lühr, Rosemarie, et al. (1988–), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; online ewa.saw-leipzig.de, p. s.v. entôn
5. ^ a b c d e Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Altenglisches Wörterbuch, 4th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. ėndian
6. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Altsächsisches Wörterbuch, 5th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. ėndion
7. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Altfriesisches Wörterbuch, 4th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. endia