Etymology and origin of the Proto-West Germanic word *sibi
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Inherited
- Inherited from
- Proto-Germanic *sibiz
Reconstruction
Wiktionary reconstructs *sibi "sieve",[1] and Stiles derives the Wangeroogic Frisian form siivii, through Old Wangeroogic *sivi, from a West Germanic form, *sib-i.[2]
Etymology
It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *sibiz (“sieve”), which Köbler sets up as a neuter i-stem *sibi-, *sibiz, beside an a-stem *siba-, *sibam;[3][4] EWA also derives the West Germanic words from Proto-Germanic *siƀi-.[5]
Morphology
A neuter noun.[6][5] EWA takes Old High German sib for an i-stem,[5] and Köbler Old English sife,[7] while Köbler puts the Old Saxon and Old High German words among the a-stems.[8][9]
Evidence
The word is attested as Old English sife, glossing Latin cribrum,[7] Old Saxon sif, as ⟨siph⟩ for cribellum in glosses of the early 11th century,[8] and Old High German sib, from the 9th century in glosses and in Otfrid.[5] In the registers of the abbey of Werden an implement is called ⟨sif⟩ in the vernacular, which ONW counts as Old Dutch and dates 901–1200,[10] while Köbler counts the same record as Old Saxon.[8] For Frisian, Stiles cites Wangeroogic siivii as an example of final -ii from *-i after a light syllable, where final vowels were lost after heavy ones.[2]
Competing analyses
Casaretto lists *sibiz- "sieve" among the s-stems that have no cognates outside the Germanic languages and so may be Germanic new formations; he adds that the reconstruction of an s-stem is not certain for forms found only in West Germanic, being sometimes based on i-umlaut alone.[11] EWA doubts that Old Norse sef (“rush”), perhaps "plant with a perforated stem", belongs here, since it would have another stem formation,[5] while Holthausen compares it.[6] EWA allows a connection with Old High German seifar, from Proto-Germanic *sai̯f-ra- : *sai̯ƀ-ra-, if *siƀ-i- comes from pre-Proto-Germanic *sip-í-.[12]
Meanings
Reflexes
- Old English: sife (“sieve”)[6]
- Old Saxon: sif (“sieve”)[8]
- Old Dutch: sif (“sieve”)[10]
- Old High German: sib (“sieve”)[5]
References
- ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. *sibi
- ^ a b Stiles, Patrick V (2008), A note on the development of Old Wangeroogic *e and *o in open syllables, Us Wurk 57, 176–194, p. n. 14
- ^ a b Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Germanisches Wörterbuch, 5th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. *sibi-, *sibiz
- ^ Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Germanisches Wörterbuch, 5th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. *siba-, *sibam
- ^ a b c d e f Lloyd, Albert L.; Springer, Otto; Lühr, Rosemarie, et al. (1988–), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; online ewa.saw-leipzig.de, p. s.v. sib
- ^ a b c Holthausen, Ferdinand (1934), Altenglisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, p. s.v. sife
- ^ a b Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Altenglisches Wörterbuch, 4th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. sife
- ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Altsächsisches Wörterbuch, 5th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. sif
- ^ Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, 6th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. sib
- ^ a b Oudnederlands Woordenboek (2009–), Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal, Leiden; gtb.ivdnt.org, p. s.v. sif
- ^ Casaretto, Antje (2004), Nominale Wortbildung der gotischen Sprache: Die Derivation der Substantive, Heidelberg: Winter
- ^ Lloyd, Albert L.; Springer, Otto; Lühr, Rosemarie, et al. (1988–), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; online ewa.saw-leipzig.de, p. s.v. seifar¹
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“*sibi.” Etymologically, 16 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/gmw-pro/*sibi. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.
Last edited on . ·