loger

Forms

loger^[1] Old French logier; the spelling loger dates from the 15th century.^[2][3]

Etymology

It is inherited from Old French logier, formed from Old French loge + -ier, from the noun that became loge.^{[4][5][6][1][7]} The noun comes from Frankish *laubja (“arbour, bower”), related to German Laube.^[6][8] Littré rejected the derivation from Latin locō (“to place”), which had been proposed, because the verb cannot be separated from the noun.^[9]

Earliest recorded meaning

Geffrei Gaimar's Histoire des Anglais (about 1138) has it intransitively for setting up camp.^[4][5][10]

Semantic evolution

The military sense, now dated, gave others: “to be found somewhere” (about 1280) and “to stay for a time in a place” (1530, être logé 1487).^[4][5] The reflexive verb, used for pitching camp from about 1155, stayed more alive, and so did the transitive one, “to place someone somewhere” (13th century) and “to house someone” (1390).^[4][5]

Inns once bore the sign Ici on loge à pied et à cheval, and people said être bien (mal) logé (1670) where modern French says bien (mal) loti;^[5] être logé à la même enseigne dates from 1787.^[5] Since Montaigne (1580) it has also meant to put a thing somewhere, as in se loger une balle dans la tête.^[4][5] With a building as subject it means to accommodate (1833).^[5]

Timeline

• c. 1138 – Gaimar uses logier for setting up camp.^[4][5]
• c. 1155 – Wace uses the reflexive for pitching tents.^[4]
• Early 13th century – The Reclus de Molliens uses it transitively, “to place someone”.^[4]
• c. 1280 – Adenet le Roi uses it figuratively.^[4]
• 1390 – It means to house someone.^[4][11]
• 1487 – Être logé “to have one's dwelling” is recorded.^[4]
• 1580 – Montaigne uses it for putting a thing somewhere.^[4]
• 1787 – Être logé à la même enseigne is recorded.^[5]

Meanings

Verb

1. (intransitive) To live or lodge, especially for a time, in a place.^[11][9][1]
2. (intransitive, literary) Of things, to be found, to dwell.^[11][9]
3. (transitive) To house or accommodate someone, for a short or long time.^[11][4]
4. (transitive) To put or fit a thing into a place: loger une balle to lodge a bullet.^[4][5]
5. Être logé à la même enseigne: to be in the same situation as others.^[5]

Word family

• déloger
• logement
• reloger
• logeur
• logeable

Related words

• loge
• logis
• Frankish *laubja

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ Rey, Alain, ed. (2005), Le Grand Robert de la langue française, electronic version, Paris: Le Robert
3. ^ Guilbert, Louis; Lagane, René; Niobey, Georges, eds. (1971–1978; 1989), Grand Larousse de la langue française, Paris: Larousse
4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Trésor de la langue française informatisé (2004), ATILF – CNRS & Université de Lorraine, atilf.fr/tlfi; electronic version of Imbs, Paul; Quemada, Bernard, eds. (1971–1994), Trésor de la langue française, Paris: CNRS / Gallimard
5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
6. ^ a b Bloch, Oscar; Wartburg, Walther von (1989), Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue française, 8th ed., Paris: Presses universitaires de France
7. ^ Wartburg, Walther von, et al. (1922–2002), Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, 25 vols., Bonn / Leipzig / Basel: Klopp / Teubner / Zbinden, p. 16, 448b
8. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
9. ^ a b c Littré, Émile (1873–1877), Dictionnaire de la langue française, 4 vols. and supplement, Paris: Hachette
10. ^ Anglo-Norman Dictionary (AND2), Aberystwyth University, anglo-norman.net (2nd ed., 2005–)
11. ^ a b c d Rey-Debove, Josette; Rey, Alain, eds. (2007), Le Petit Robert de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert