Etymologically
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haine

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Pronunciation

Forms

haine f (plural haines)[1] Old French haïne (about 1150), hayne (1283, Beaumanoir), haine (about 1360, Froissart); the h is aspirated.[2][3][4]

Etymology

It is derived from haïr with the suffix “-ine”,[2][5][6][7] like “saisine” from “saisir”; the TLFi also allows a Vulgar Latin “*hatina” formed on the Germanic stem “hat-”.[2][7] The verb is from Frankish *hatjan, of the same family as German hassen and English hate.[5] Wiktionary takes the noun from Frankish “*hati”.[1] Old French also had “haür” and “haenge”.[7]

Earliest recorded meaning

The Roman de Thèbes (about 1150) has haïne for deep ill will towards a person or aversion to a thing.[2][4]

Semantic evolution

The meaning has been stable from the start: a violent feeling that makes one wish harm to someone (Daudet: La haine, c'est la colère des faibles) and a deep aversion to something (la haine du mensonge).[2][3][8] En haine de (Corneille, 1644–1660) is now giving way to par haine de.[4][2] In the 1980s avoir la haine “to be furious” and the exclamation la haine ! expressed social resentment.[4] Derivatives are haineux (1155), haïssable (1569) and haïsseur (1566).[4]

Timeline

  • c. 1150 – Haïne in the Roman de Thèbes.[2]
  • 1155 – Haïnus.[4]
  • 1283 – Hayne in Beaumanoir.[3]
  • c. 1360 – Haine in Froissart.[3]
  • 1569 – Haïssable.[4]
  • 1644 – En haine de in Corneille.[4]
  • 1980s – Avoir la haine.[4]

Meanings

Noun

  1. Hatred, hate: éprouver de la haine pour qqn, prendre qqn en haine.[8][1]
  2. Deep aversion: la haine de la guerre.[3][8]
  3. (slang) Avoir la haine: to be furious, full of resentment.[4]

Word family

  • haineux
  • haineusement

References

  1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Trésor de la langue française informatisé (2004), ATILF – CNRS & Université de Lorraine, atilf.fr/tlfi; electronic version of Imbs, Paul; Quemada, Bernard, eds. (1971–1994), Trésor de la langue française, Paris: CNRS / Gallimard
  3. ^ a b c d e Guilbert, Louis; Lagane, René; Niobey, Georges, eds. (1971–1978; 1989), Grand Larousse de la langue française, Paris: Larousse
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
  5. ^ a b Bloch, Oscar; Wartburg, Walther von (1989), Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue française, 8th ed., Paris: Presses universitaires de France
  6. ^ Rey, Alain, ed. (2005), Le Grand Robert de la langue française, electronic version, Paris: Le Robert
  7. ^ a b c Littré, Émile (1873–1877), Dictionnaire de la langue française, 4 vols. and supplement, Paris: Hachette
  8. ^ a b c Rey-Debove, Josette; Rey, Alain, eds. (2007), Le Petit Robert de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert