propincuidad

Forms

propincuidad f (plural propincuidades)^[1] Old Spanish wrote propinquidat, propincuidat and propinquidad.^[2]

Etymology

It is a learned borrowing, borrowed from Latin propinquitās (“nearness; kinship”).^[3][1][4] Corominas treats it with propincuo in the family of próximo.^[5]

The Latin noun is formed of propinquus (“near; related”) and the suffix -tās.^[6][1] The adjective is a derivative of prope (“near”), with the ending of longinquus (“far off”).^[5][7] Wiktionary explains the ending as hinc (“hence”) with the suffix -uus, or as an old suffix also seen in Greek.^[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record in the CDH is propinquidat in a chronicle drawn from Isidore and Lucas of Tuy (1385–1396), which says that no one of the blood of the kings of León was left but Queen Sancha: the earliest sense is kinship.^[2] Mose Arragel's glosses to the Alba Bible (c. 1422–1433) explain propinquidat as kinship or nearness.^[2]

Semantic evolution

Enrique de Villena used propincuidat for nearness in space in the 1420s: the evening star looks large because it is close.^[2] Nebrija's Latin–Spanish dictionary of 1492 kept both senses, glossing propinquitas as nearness and as kinship.^[4] The Academy's definition of 1843 was nearness of one thing to another, mostly the nearness of kin; from 1899 it defined the word simply as the quality of being propincuo.^[8][9] The DLE labels it a learned, little-used word, and Vox a formal one.^[3][10]

Timeline

• 1385–1396 – first record, as propinquidat, meaning kinship.^[2]
• 1422–1425 – Enrique de Villena writes propincuidat in his Tratado de fascinación.^[2][4]
• 1492 – Nebrija glosses Latin propinquitas as nearness and as kinship.^[4]
• 1786–1793 – Terreros defines it as neighbourhood, nearness of one thing to another.^[11]
• 1899 – the Academy defines it as the quality of being propincuo, with the etymology from Latin.^[9]

Meanings

Noun

1. (formal, rare) propinquity, nearness: the quality of being propincuo.^[3][12][1]

Related words

• propincuo
• próximo
• apropincuarse
• Latin propinquitās

References

1. ^ a b c d e f Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Real Academia Española (2013–), Corpus del Diccionario histórico de la lengua española (CDH), version 3.1, https://apps.rae.es/CNDHE, p. s.v. propincuidad
3. ^ a b c Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es, p. s.v. propincuidad
4. ^ a b c d Lleal, Coloma (dir.), DICCA-XV: Diccionario del castellano del siglo XV en la Corona de Aragón, Barcelona: Universitat de Barcelona, Grup d'Estudis d'Història de la Llengua (GHCL), https://ghcl.ub.edu/diccaxv, p. s.v. propincuidad
5. ^ a b Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. próximo
6. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. propinquitās
7. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. propinquus
8. ^ Real Academia Española (1843), Diccionario de la lengua castellana, 9th ed., Madrid: Imprenta de D. Francisco María Fernández, p. 593
9. ^ a b Real Academia Española (1899), Diccionario de la lengua castellana, 13th ed., Madrid: Imprenta de los Sres. Hernando y Compañía, p. 817
10. ^ Battaner Arias, Paz (dir.) (2017), Diccionario general de la lengua española VOX, Barcelona: Larousse Editorial, p. s.v. propincuidad
11. ^ Terreros y Pando, Esteban de (1786–1793), Diccionario castellano con las voces de ciencias y artes y sus correspondientes de las tres lenguas francesa, latina e italiana, 4 vols., Madrid: Viuda de Ibarra, p. 3, 227
12. ^ Moliner, María (2007), Diccionario de uso del español, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. propincuidad