adoración

Forms

adoración f (plural adoraciones)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Latin adōrātiō (“worship, prayer”).^[2][1][3] Corominas lists it among the derivatives of adorar, which is from Latin adōrō, recorded from the Cid;^[4][1] DICCA-XV also explains it as a derivative of the verb.^[5][6][7] The Latin noun is formed from that verb with the suffix -tiō.^[4][1] The Latin verb is made of ad- (“to”) and ōrō (“to plead, pray”).^[4][1] De Vaan holds that the verb first meant “to plead, speak openly”, and sees no reason to reject its derivation from ōs (“mouth”).^[8]

The same Latin word is French adoration and English adoration.^[9]

Earliest recorded meaning

The CDH's first hit is in Enrique de Villena's translation and glosses of the Aeneid (1427–1428, in a copy of 1442), where a man who has received the oracle's answer levantávase e fazía adoraçión ant'el altar “rose and made adoration before the altar”.^[10] The first hit in a text without a later copy is Alfonso Martínez de Toledo's translation of Saint Ildephonsus (before 1444), which pairs adoraçión e reverençia.^[10] Alonso dates the word to the 15th century, and DICCA-XV to 1450–1490.^[11][7]

Semantic evolution

The first sense is the worship given to God: Palencia in 1490 calls the adoration paid to the divinity latría.^[12] Nebrija gives separate equivalents for the adoration of God and of the saints, and the veneration of saints, images and relics is recorded from then on.^[12][7] From the 16th century it is also the homage paid to the Pope.^[12] From 1605 it also names a painting of the Adoration of the Magi.^[12] The Diccionario de Autoridades distinguished the three degrees of theology, latria, hyperdulia and dulia; the Academy simplified the definition in 1770 to “the act of adoring”.^[12]

Secular senses followed: deep respect or extreme admiration (Lope de Vega, 1599–1603), blind affection, and a lover's homage to a woman (Moreto, before 1669).^[12] The Academy's dictionary listed the Feast of the Epiphany as adoración from 1914; the adoración nocturna, a society for the night-time adoration of the Eucharist, is recorded from 1908.^[12]

Timeline

• 1427–1428 – Villena's glosses of the Aeneid (in a copy of 1442).^[10]
• 1490 – Palencia's Vocabulario defines the adoration of God as latría.^[12][11]
• c. 1495 – Nebrija gives Latin equivalents for adoring God and the saints.^[12][7]
• 1538 – the first record from the Americas, in New Granada: sanctuarios e casas de adoración.^[13]
• 1605 – Sigüenza names Titian's painting of the Adoration of the Magi.^[12]
• 1726 – the Diccionario de Autoridades distinguishes latria, hyperdulia and dulia.^[12]
• 1884 – the Academy gives the etymology from Latin adoratio.^[14]
• 1914 – the Academy records the sense “Epiphany”.^[12]

Meanings

Noun

1. adoration, worship: the act of adoring (adorar) or of paying religious worship (culto).^[2][15][1]
2. Intense love or affection; the deepest respect: Siente verdadera adoración por su abuela.^[9][12]
3. adoración de los Reyes: the Adoration of the Magi, the homage of the Three Kings to the infant Jesus at Bethlehem; also the feast of the Epiphany (Epifanía).^[2]
4. (art) A painting or carving of an Adoration.^[12]
5. The homage the cardinals pay to a newly elected pope.^[16][12]

Related words

• adorar
• adorable
• adorador
• oración
• Latin adōrātiō

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es, p. s.v. adoración
3. ^ Gómez de Silva, Guido (1988), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua española, México: Fondo de Cultura Económica / El Colegio de México, p. 39
4. ^ a b c Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
5. ^ Corominas, Joan; Pascual, José A. (1980–1991), Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico, 6 vols., Madrid: Gredos, p. 4, 288
6. ^ Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. orar
7. ^ a b c d Lleal, Coloma (dir.), DICCA-XV: Diccionario del castellano del siglo XV en la Corona de Aragón, Barcelona: Universitat de Barcelona, Grup d'Estudis d'Història de la Llengua (GHCL), https://ghcl.ub.edu/diccaxv, p. s.v. adoración
8. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
9. ^ a b Segura Munguía, Santiago (2014), Lexicón etimológico y semántico del latín y de las voces actuales que proceden de raíces latinas o griegas, Bilbao: Universidad de Deusto, p. 518
10. ^ a b c Real Academia Española (2013–), Corpus del Diccionario histórico de la lengua española (CDH), version 3.1, https://apps.rae.es/CNDHE, p. s.v. adoración
11. ^ a b Alonso Pedraz, Martín (1986), Diccionario medieval español: desde las Glosas Emilianenses y Silenses (s. X) hasta el siglo XV, 2 vols., Salamanca: Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, p. 144
12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Real Academia Española (2021–), Tesoro de los diccionarios históricos de la lengua española (TDHLE): Diccionario histórico (1933–1936), its unpublished slips, Diccionario histórico (1960–1996), DHECan, DHECR, DHEVen, https://www.rae.es/tdhle, p. s.v. adoración
13. ^ Boyd-Bowman, Peter (2003), Léxico hispanoamericano 1493–1993, ed. Ray Harris-Northall and John J. Nitti, New York: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, p. s.v. adoración
14. ^ Real Academia Española (1884), Diccionario de la lengua castellana, 12th ed., Madrid: Imprenta de D. Gregorio Hernando (the first Academy edition with etymologies), p. 23
15. ^ Moliner, María (2007), Diccionario de uso del español, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. adoración
16. ^ Wikcionario (Spanish Wiktionary), es.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. adoración