Etymology and origin of the Spanish word acceso
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Borrowing
- First attested
- 1376–1396 Juan Fernández de Heredia, Libro de actoridades More words from the 14th century
- Borrowed from
- Latin accessus
- Ultimate origin
- Latin cedo
Etymology tree
From the same root
Pronunciation
- /aɡˈθeso/, [aɣ̞ˈθe.so], /aɡˈseso/[1]
Forms
acceso m (plural accesos)[1] Old and Classical Spanish wrote accesso, aceso, acesso, açeso and açesso beside acceso.[2][3] The Diccionario de Autoridades still spells the word accesso.[4]
Etymology
It is borrowed from Latin accessus (“approach, arrival”), a learned word.[1][5][2] Corominas dates it 1493 and treats it, with acceder, accesible, accesión and accesorio, in the family of ceder, all of them learned.[6][7]
The Latin noun is formed from accedo (“to approach”) with the suffix -tus.[1][8] The verb is a compound of ad (“to, towards”) and cedo (“to go”).[9][10]
The same Latin noun is Portuguese acesso, Catalan accés, French accès and Italian accesso.[11][12][13][9] French has it from 1170.[9] García de Diego places Castilian acezo “breathlessness” under the same Latin word, and reports that Diez and Meyer-Lübke derived it from Basque hats (“breath”).[14]
Earliest recorded meaning
DEMel's first record is in the Aragonese prose of Juan Fernández de Heredia, the Libro de actoridades (second half of the 14th century), spelt accesso.[3][15] In Enrique de Villena's Arte cisoria (1423) it is a term of astronomy, paired with reçeso: non sabían aún de la novena espera fin del acçeso e reçeso “they did not yet know the end of the approach and recession of the ninth sphere”.[15] The CDH's earliest hit, of about 1300–1325, describes a fire, el fuego tan fuerte e tan açeso, and is not this noun.[15]
Semantic evolution
From the 15th century the word often meant sexual intercourse, aver acceso or tener acceso with someone: Villena has it about 1422, Pulgar in 1482–1490, and texts from Mexico and Yucatán in the 1550s and 1560s.[2][16] The medical dictionary DTME notes that in the 15th century acceso meant “sexual relation”, while the attack of a fever was accesión.[17]
The Academy's dictionary of 1770 defines the word as the act of arriving or approaching, carnal union, and, as dated senses, an entrance or way; it adds access to a person, with fácil or difícil (de fácil acceso), and a legal right to a thing.[18] Salvá (1846) added the periodic return of certain illnesses or fevers, and Gaspar y Roig an outburst or paroxysm.[19][20] Baralt (1855) condemned phrases like acceso de devoción as French, holding that Spanish had only accesos of fever.[21] The DLE now includes both the outburst and the medical attack.[5]
Timeline
- 1376–1396 – accesso in Juan Fernández de Heredia's Libro de actoridades.[3][15]
- c. 1422 – Enrique de Villena uses açesso for sexual union.[2]
- 1423 – Villena's Arte cisoria pairs acçeso and reçeso in astronomy.[15]
- 1492 – Nebrija's Latin dictionary glosses Latin accessus as allegamiento “approach”.[22]
- 1493 – Corominas's first date.[6]
- 1554 – first record in the Americas, from Mexico City, in the phrase aceso carnal.[16]
- 1770 – the Academy defines the senses “approach”, “carnal union”, “way in” and “access to a person”.[18]
- 1846 – Salvá adds the medical sense.[19]
- 1855 – Baralt rejects acceso “outburst” as a Gallicism.[21]
- 1884 – the Academy gives the etymology, from Latin accessus.[23]
Meanings
Noun
- The act of arriving or approaching: El acceso al puerto se hizo de noche.[5][24]
- An entrance or way in: La nieve bloqueó los accesos del pueblo.[5][24]
- access to dealings or communication with someone: Era un juez de difícil acceso.[5][1]
- An outburst or fit of passion: Tuvo un acceso de rabia.[5][24]
- (formal) Coitus, especially in acceso carnal.[5][24][1]
- (medicine) An attack or recurrence of a morbid state, such as a cough, breathlessness or neuralgia: Le dio un fuerte acceso de tos en plena clase.[5][17]
Word family
- autoacceso
Related words
Usage notes
Acceso del Sol is the apparent movement of the Sun towards the equator, a term of astronomy.[5][25]
References
- ^ a b c d e f Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d Real Academia Española (2021–), Tesoro de los diccionarios históricos de la lengua española (TDHLE): Diccionario histórico (1933–1936), its unpublished slips, Diccionario histórico (1960–1996), DHECan, DHECR, DHEVen, https://www.rae.es/tdhle, p. s.v. acceso
- ^ a b c Diccionario del Español Medieval electrónico (DEMel), data publication 2026 (CC BY-SA), Universität Rostock, p. s.v. acceso
- ^ Real Academia Española (1726–1739), Diccionario de la lengua castellana (Diccionario de Autoridades), 6 vols., Madrid: Francisco del Hierro, p. 1, 40
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es, p. s.v. acceso
- ^ a b Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. acceder
- ^ Corominas, Joan; Pascual, José A. (1980–1991), Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico, 6 vols., Madrid: Gredos, p. 2, 12
- ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. accessus
- ^ a b c Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert, p. s.v. accès
- ^ Gómez de Silva, Guido (1988), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua española, México: Fondo de Cultura Económica / El Colegio de México, p. 30
- ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. s.v. accessus
- ^ Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. 82
- ^ Alcover, Antoni M.; Moll, Francesc de B. (1930–1962), Diccionari català-valencià-balear, 10 vols., Palma de Mallorca: Moll, p. s.v. accés
- ^ García de Diego, Vicente (1985), Diccionario etimológico español e hispánico, 2nd ed., Madrid: Espasa-Calpe (1st ed. 1954), p. 63
- ^ a b c d e Real Academia Española (2013–), Corpus del Diccionario histórico de la lengua española (CDH), version 3.1, https://apps.rae.es/CNDHE, p. s.v. acceso
- ^ a b Boyd-Bowman, Peter (2003), Léxico hispanoamericano 1493–1993, ed. Ray Harris-Northall and John J. Nitti, New York: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, p. s.v. acceso
- ^ a b Real Academia Nacional de Medicina (2011), Diccionario de términos médicos, Madrid: Editorial Médica Panamericana; online at https://dtme.ranm.es, p. s.v. acceso
- ^ a b Real Academia Española (1770), Diccionario de la lengua castellana, 2nd ed., vol. I: A–B, Madrid: Joachín Ibarra, p. 1, 35
- ^ a b Salvá, Vicente (1846), Nuevo diccionario de la lengua castellana, París: Librería de Don Vicente Salvá, p. 10
- ^ Gaspar y Roig (eds.) (1853–1855), Biblioteca ilustrada de Gaspar y Roig: Diccionario enciclopédico de la lengua española, 2 vols., Madrid: Imprenta y Librería de Gaspar y Roig, p. 1, 27
- ^ a b Baralt, Rafael María (1855), Diccionario de galicismos, Madrid: Imprenta de J. Cruzado, p. 48
- ^ Lleal, Coloma (dir.), DICCA-XV: Diccionario del castellano del siglo XV en la Corona de Aragón, Barcelona: Universitat de Barcelona, Grup d'Estudis d'Història de la Llengua (GHCL), https://ghcl.ub.edu/diccaxv, p. s.v. acceso
- ^ Real Academia Española (1884), Diccionario de la lengua castellana, 12th ed., Madrid: Imprenta de D. Gregorio Hernando (the first Academy edition with etymologies), p. 10
- ^ a b c d Moliner, María (2007), Diccionario de uso del español, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. acceso
- ^ Real Academia Española (1817), Diccionario de la lengua castellana, 5th ed., Madrid: Imprenta Real, p. 9
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Acceso.” Etymologically, 7 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/es/acceso. Accessed 7 Nov. 2026.
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