Etymologically
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rider

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Pronunciation

  • IPA: UK /ˈraɪ.də/, US /ˈraɪ.dɚ/[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Old English rīdere (“one who rides, trooper, knight”), an agent noun from rīdan, to ride (see ride),[2][3][4] compare Dutch rijder and German Reiter;[2] the OED notes it is uncertain how far these forms developed independently.[2]

Earliest recorded meaning

A knight, a mounted warrior: about 1085, late Old English.[5][2]

Semantic evolution

One who rides a horse or other animal is from before 1300,[5] and one carried along in a chariot or cart from about 1200.[2] A mounted raider of the Scottish Borders is from 1549.[5] A clause tacked on to a document after the first draft is from the 1660s,[2] and in Britain a statement added by a jury to its verdict is a later legal sense.[6] A passenger, especially on public transport, is chiefly American from 1886,[5] and a cyclist or motorcyclist is modern use.[5][6]

Timeline

  • c. 1085 – a knight.[5]
  • c. 1200 – a passenger.[2]
  • before 1300 – a horse rider.[5]
  • 1549 – a Border raider.[5]
  • 1660s – an added clause.[2]
  • 1886 – a passenger on transport (US).[5]

Modern meaning

Noun

  1. A person who rides, especially a horse, bicycle or motorcycle.
  2. An additional clause or amendment added to a document or bill.
  3. (British) A statement added by a jury to its verdict, such as a recommendation of mercy.
  4. Something resting on or strengthening something else, such as the top rail of a fence.

Word family

  • riderless
  • lowrider
  • bowrider
  • nightrider
  • postrider
  • ridered
  • ridership
  • stockrider

References

  1. ^ Jones, Daniel (2011), Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary, 18th ed., ed. Peter Roach, Jane Setter and John Esling, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
  3. ^ Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary (2024), online ed., Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster
  4. ^ Pearsall, Judy, ed. (1998), The New Oxford Dictionary of English, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i Simpson, J. A.; Weiner, E. S. C., eds. (1989), The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Clarendon Press
  6. ^ a b Collins English Dictionary (2023), Glasgow: HarperCollins