rider English · revision 10485

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 1085|origins=ang rīdere}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ˈraɪ.də/, US /ˈraɪ.dɚ/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|ang|rīdere|t=one who rides, trooper, knight]], an agent noun from rīdan, to ride (see [[ride]]),^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024)^(NODE 1998) compare Dutch rijder and German [[m|de|Reiter]];^(Etymonline) the OED notes it is uncertain how far these forms developed independently.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A knight, a mounted warrior: about 1085, late Old English.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ One who rides a horse or other animal is from before 1300,^(OED 1989) and one carried along in a chariot or cart from about 1200.^(Etymonline) A mounted raider of the Scottish Borders is from 1549.^(OED 1989) A clause tacked on to a document after the first draft is from the 1660s,^(Etymonline) and in Britain a statement added by a jury to its verdict is a later legal sense.^(Collins 2023) A passenger, especially on public transport, is chiefly American from 1886,^(OED 1989) and a cyclist or motorcyclist is modern use.^(OED 1989)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1085 – a knight.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1200 – a passenger.^(Etymonline)

+ * before 1300 – a horse rider.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1549 – a Border raider.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1660s – an added clause.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1886 – a passenger on transport (US).^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A person who rides, especially a horse, bicycle or motorcycle.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # An additional clause or amendment added to a document or bill.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(British)'' A statement added by a jury to its verdict, such as a recommendation of mercy.^(Collins 2023)

+ # Something resting on or strengthening something else, such as the top rail of a fence.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[riderless]]

+ * [[lowrider]]

+ * [[bowrider]]

+ * [[nightrider]]

+ * [[postrider]]

+ * [[ridered]]

+ * [[ridership]]

+ * [[stockrider]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ride]]

+ * [[road]]

+ * [[raid]]

+ * [[outrider]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}