revival
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Pronunciation
- IPA: /rɪˈvaɪ.vəl/[1]
Etymology
It is formed from revive and -al.[2][3]
Earliest recorded meaning
The act of reviving after decline or disuse: 1609 in Merriam-Webster, 1651 in the OED, the 1650s in Etymonline.[3][4][2]
Semantic evolution
The restaging of an old play is a revival from 1664,[4][2] restoration to vigour from 1752, and return to life or consciousness from 1788.[4] A general religious awakening in a community is in Cotton Mather in 1702,[2][4] and by 1818 revivals were enthusiastic religious meetings, often Methodist.[2] Revivalist is from 1812.[2] The revival of learning, the Renaissance, is from 1785,[4] and the Gothic revival in Victorian architecture by 1850.[2][4]
Timeline
- 1609 – a revival.[3]
- 1664 – a revival of a play.[4]
- 1702 – a religious revival.[2][4]
- 1785 – revival of learning.[4]
- 1812 – revivalist.[2]
- 1850 – the Gothic revival.[2][4]
Modern meaning
Noun
- The act of reviving, or the state of being revived.
- A return to use, interest or vigour after a period of neglect: the Gothic revival.
- A new production of an old play, film, opera or the like.
- A reawakening of religious faith, or a meeting meant to bring one about.
- A return to life or consciousness.
Word family
- nonrevival
- prerevival
- revivalism
- revivalist
Related words
References
- ^ Jones, Daniel (2011), Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary, 18th ed., ed. Peter Roach, Jane Setter and John Esling, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
- ^ a b c Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary (2024), online ed., Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Simpson, J. A.; Weiner, E. S. C., eds. (1989), The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Clarendon Press