German words from Middle High German
799 German words with Middle High German in their history, whether borrowed directly or passed on through other languages (page 4).
einzig
It is inherited from Middle High German einzec, also einzic, formed in the 12th century from Middle High German einez (“single”) + -ec. It is built like einzeln, on the same base. That base goes…
elf
It is inherited from Middle High German einlif, later eilf, inherited from Old High German einlif, inherited from Proto-Germanic *ainalif (“eleven”), a compound of Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one”) and…
Eltern
It is inherited from Middle High German eltern, inherited from Old High German eltiron, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *aldizōn-, the plural of the comparative of alt used as a noun: “the older…
Ende
It is inherited from Middle High German ende, inherited from Old High German enti, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *andī, inherited from Proto-Germanic *andijaz (“end”). The same word is Gothic…
enden
It is inherited from Middle High German enden, inherited from Old High German entōn, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *andijōn, a verb formed from the noun Ende. The same verb is Old Saxon endion…
endlich
It is inherited from Middle High German endelich, formed from German Ende + -lich. The same formation is Middle Low German endelik, Middle Dutch endelijc and Dutch eindelijk. Middle High German…
eng
It is inherited from Middle High German enge, inherited from Old High German engi, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *angī, inherited from Proto-Germanic *anguz (“narrow”). The same adjective is…
englisch
It is inherited from Middle High German englisch, also engelsch, formed from the first part of the name England with the suffix -isch. The name of the country goes back to Old English Engle (“the…
entdecken
It is inherited from Middle High German endecken, inherited from Old High German intdecken (“to uncover”), a formation with the prefix ent- on decken. The same formation is Middle Low German…
entfernt
It is the past participle of entfernen, inherited from Middle High German entverret, which became fixed as an adjective meaning “far away”. The verb, recorded from the 13th century as entfernen and…
enthalten
It is inherited from Middle High German enthalten, formed from Middle High German ent- + halten. Old High German has no example. The same formation is Middle Low German enthōlden and Dutch…
entscheiden
It is inherited from Middle High German entscheiden, formed from German ent- + scheiden. The same formation is Middle Low German entschēiden and Middle Dutch ontsceiden. The base scheiden continues…
Entscheidung
It is inherited from Middle High German entscheidunge, from German entscheiden + -ung. The verb entscheiden, already Middle High German, was first used of a judge's ruling: separating statements and…
entsprechen
It is inherited from Middle High German entsprechen (“to answer, retort; to defend oneself”), from German ent- + sprechen. The Middle High German verb meant “to answer, reply”, also “to talk someone…
entstehen
It is inherited from Middle High German entstēn, inherited from Old High German intstantan, a prefixed verb from German ent- + stehen. Related formations are Middle Low German entstān, Middle Dutch…
er
It is inherited from Middle High German ër, inherited from Old High German ër, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *iʀ, inherited from Proto-Germanic *iz. The same pronoun is Gothic 𐌹𐍃 (is). Kluge…
erfahren
It is inherited from Middle High German ervarn, inherited from Old High German irfaran, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *uʀfaran, the verb fahren “to go, travel” with the prefix er-. Wiktionary…
Erfahrung
It is inherited from Middle High German ervarunge, inherited from Old High German irfarunga (“trial, experiment”), formed from Old High German irfaran + -unga, the source of erfahren. The noun has a…
erfolgen
It is inherited from Middle High German ervolgen (“to overtake, reach, attain”), inherited from Old High German irfolgēn (“to persecute”), formed with the prefix er- from folgen. The same formation…
erfüllen
It is inherited from Middle High German ervüllen, inherited from Old High German irfullen, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *uʀfullijan, a prefixed form of füllen with er-. The same formation is…
ergeben
It is inherited from Middle High German ergëben, inherited from Old High German irgeban (“to give up, hand over”), formed with the prefix er- from geben. Wiktionary traces it to Proto-West Germanic…
erhalten
It is inherited from Middle High German erhalten, formed from German er- + halten. The sources disagree on its age: the Grimms' dictionary calls it a typically New High German word, absent from…
erhöhen
It is inherited from Middle High German erhœhen, inherited from Old High German irhōhen, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *uʀhauhijan (“to raise”), formed with the prefix er- from the verb höhen…
erinnern
It is inherited from Middle High German erinnern, a prefixed form of innern (“to remind, inform, teach”), which goes back to Old High German innarōn and is derived from the Old High German…
erkennen
It is inherited from Middle High German erkennen, inherited from Old High German irkennen (also arkennen), formed from German er- + kennen. The prefix originally marked the beginning of the action…
erklären
It is inherited from Middle High German erklæren (“to make clear”), formed from Middle High German er- + klæren (“to clear”) from klār (“clear”) (modern klar). The adjective came into German in the…
erlauben
It is inherited from Middle High German erlouben, inherited from Old High German irlouben, inherited from Proto-Germanic *uzlaubijaną (“to allow”). The same verb is Gothic 𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (uslaubjan), Old…
erläutern
It is inherited from Middle High German erliutern, inherited from Old High German irliuteren, a prefixed verb formed from German er- + läutern. Kluge places it with lauter “pure, clear”, in the same…
erleben
It is inherited from Middle High German erleben (“to live through, survive, experience”), from German er- + leben. The base verb leben is Old High German lebēn, from a Germanic verb also found in…
eröffnen
It is inherited from Middle High German eroffenen, inherited from Old High German iroffanōn (“to reveal, open”), the verb öffnen with the prefix er-. The same formation is Middle Low German…
erreichen
It is inherited from Middle High German erreichen (“to reach by stretching out, hit, grasp”), inherited from Old High German irreihhen (“to reach, catch up”), formed from Old High German ir- +…
erscheinen
It is inherited from Middle High German erschīnen, inherited from Old High German irskīnan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *uʀskīnan, formed with the prefix er- from the verb that is now…
ersetzen
It is inherited from Middle High German ersetzen, inherited from Old High German irsezzen (“to restore, replace”), with the prefix ir- (er-) and setzen. Corresponding prefixed verbs are Gothic…
erst
It is inherited from Middle High German ērste, inherited from Old High German ērist, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *airista- (“first, earliest”). The same word is Old Saxon ērist, Old English…
erste
It is inherited from Middle High German ērest, inherited from Old High German ēristo, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *airist (“earliest, first”). The same word is Old Saxon ērist, Middle Low…
erwarten
It is inherited from Middle High German erwarten, inherited from Old High German irwartēn (“to look at, inspect”), formed from Old High German ir- + wartēn; the base is the verb now warten. It…
erzählen
It is inherited from Middle High German erzellen, inherited from Old High German irzellen, formed from German er- + zählen. The simple verb is Old High German zellen, from Proto-Germanic *taljaną…
erzielen
It is inherited from Middle High German erziln, formed with the prefix er- from zielen. The base verb is Middle High German zilen, Old High German zilēn (“to strive, hasten”), beside the noun Ziel…
es
It is inherited from Middle High German ëȥ, inherited from Old High German iȥ, inherited from Proto-Germanic *it. The same word is Gothic 𐌹𐍄𐌰 (ita) and Old Saxon it, and it survives as Low German…
etwa
It is inherited from Middle High German etewā, contracted etwā, inherited from Old High German eddeshwār (“somewhere”), from Old High German eddes- + hwār (“where”). The second part is the adverb…
etwas
It is inherited from Middle High German etewaʒ, inherited from Old High German eddeshwaz, the neuter of a lost pronoun eddeshwer (“someone”). The second part is the interrogative was; the first is a…
evangelisch
It is inherited from Middle High German ēwangēlisch, inherited from Old High German evangēlisc, borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin euangelicus (“of the gospel”), from Ancient Greek εὐαγγελικός…
fahren
It is inherited from Middle High German varn, inherited from Old High German faran, inherited from Proto-Germanic *faraną (“to go, travel”). The same verb is Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽 (faran), Old Norse fara…
Fahrt
It is inherited from Middle High German vart, inherited from Old High German fart, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *fardi, inherited from Proto-Germanic *fardiz (“journey”), a noun in ⟨*-ti-⟩…
Fall
It is inherited from Middle High German val, inherited from Old High German fal, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *fall, first the noun of action of fallen. Kluge reconstructs a pre-German…
fallen
It is inherited from Middle High German vallen, inherited from Old High German fallan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *fallan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *fallaną (“to fall”). The same verb…
falsch
It is inherited from Middle High German valsch (also vals), borrowed from Old French fals, from Latin falsus (“false, deceptive”), the past participle of fallō (“to deceive”). The ending ⟨sch⟩ comes…
Farbe
It is inherited from Middle High German varwe, inherited from Old High German farawa, inherited from Proto-Germanic *farwō. The same word is Middle Low German varwe, Middle Dutch varwe and Dutch…
fast
It is inherited from Middle High German vaste, inherited from Old High German fasto (“firmly, securely; very”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *fastō, the adverb without umlaut that belongs to…
fehlen
It is inherited from Middle High German vælen, borrowed from Old French faillir (“to miss, err”). Kluge dates the borrowing to the 13th century, but the Grimms' revised dictionary has a record from…
feiern
It is inherited from Middle High German vīren, inherited from Old High German fīrōn, a verb formed from the noun fīra (“feast, rest”), now Feier. That noun is borrowed from Late Latin fēria (“feast…
Feld
It is inherited from Middle High German velt, inherited from Old High German feld, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *felþu (“field”). The same word is Old Saxon feld, Old English feld and Old…
fest
It is inherited from Middle High German veste, inherited from Old High German festi, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *fast, inherited from Proto-Germanic *fastuz (“firm, fixed”). Old High German…
Fest
It is inherited from Middle High German fest (also feminine feste), borrowed from Latin fēstum (“feast day”), borrowed in the 13th century. The Latin noun is the neuter of fēstus (“festive, devoted…
finden
It is inherited from Middle High German vinden, inherited from Old High German findan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *finþan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *finþaną (“to find”). The same strong…
Folge
It is inherited from Middle High German volge, a noun formed from the verb Middle High German volgen, Old High German folgēn, Proto-West Germanic *folgēn (see folgen). In Old High German it is found…
folgen
It is inherited from Middle High German volgen, inherited from Old High German folgēn, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *folgēn, inherited from Proto-Germanic *fulgāną (“to follow”). Old High…
folgend
It is inherited from Middle High German volgende, inherited from Old High German folgēnto, the present participle of the verb folgen. That verb is volgen, folgēn, Proto-Germanic *fulgāną, the same…
fordern
It is inherited from Middle High German vordern, inherited from Old High German fordarōn, beside Middle Low German vorderen. The verb is limited to German: Swedish fordra and Dutch vorderen were…
fördern
It is inherited from Middle High German vürdern, inherited from Old High German furdiren, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *furþrijan, a verb derived from the comparative adverb fürder “further…