Etymologically
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сътворити

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Forms

сътворити (sŭtvoriti) pf[1] Present сътворѭ, сътвориши; also written сьтворити and, in the Zographensis, Assemanianus, Savvina kniga and other manuscripts, створити.[2]

Etymology

It is from Old Church Slavonic съ- (sŭ-, “together”) + творити (tvoriti, “to do, make”), a perfective verb;[1][3] Wiktionary reconstructs it already as Proto-Slavic *sъtvoriti.[1] The same compound is Russian сотворить (sotvoritʹ), Ukrainian сотворити (sotvoryty), Bulgarian сътворя (sǎtvorja) and Serbo-Croatian stvoriti.[1]

The simple verb is Proto-Slavic *tvoriti (“to make”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *twarīˀtei, a causative or iterative of Proto-Indo-European *twerH- (“to fence in, grab”).[4][1] It is related to Lithuanian tverti (“to seize, fence in”) (with sutverti (“to put together, create”)), Latvian tvert (“to grasp, hold”) and probably Ancient Greek σορός (sorós, “urn”).[3][5][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

In the Gospel manuscripts it renders Ancient Greek ποιέω (poiéō), as in сътвори отъ водꙑ вино “he made the water wine” (J 4, 46, Zogr Mar).[6] The SNSP counts more than a thousand examples.[2]

Semantic evolution

The SJS divides its senses into doing or carrying out (also committing a crime, causing something, making someone do something), making or creating (building, composing, creating the world, inventing, getting oneself something, appointing, preparing, celebrating a feast such as the Passover), making someone or something into something else, holding to be, fulfilling a command, showing or spending (also time), treating someone, and acting or working.[6] Beside ποιεῖν it renders πράσσειν, ἐργάζεσθαι, κτίζειν, δημιουργεῖν, οἰκοδομεῖν and κατασκευάζειν.[6] In the Euchologium Sinaiticum it also translates Ancient Greek καινοτομέω (kainotoméō) and Ancient Greek παράγω (parágō).[7]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To do, to carry out, to perform; also to commit (a sin or crime); for ποιεῖν, πράσσειν, ἐργάζεσθαι.[6][2][1]
  2. To cause, to bring about; to make (someone do something).[6]
  3. To make, to create, to build; for ποιεῖν, κτίζειν, οἰκοδομεῖν.[6][1]
  4. To make (someone or something) into something; to hold or consider as.[6]
  5. To fulfil, to keep (a command).[6]
  6. To celebrate (a feast).[6]
  7. To treat, to deal with (someone).[6]
  8. To spend (time), to stay.[6][1]

Word family

  • благосътворити
  • несътворенъ

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c Slovník nejstarších staroslověnských památek (digital ed., Gorazd, Slovanský ústav AV ČR, gorazd.org); cf. Cejtlin, R. M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, É. (eds.) (1994), Staroslavjanskij slovar' (po rukopisjam X–XI vekov), Moskva: Russkij jazyk
  3. ^ a b Sadnik, Linda; Aitzetmüller, Rudolf (1955), Handwörterbuch zu den altkirchenslavischen Texten, Heidelberg: Winter / 's-Gravenhage: Mouton, p. 324
  4. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 4, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 501
  5. ^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), Ètimologičeskij slovar' russkogo jazyka, transl. and suppl. by O. N. Trubačev, 4 vols., Moskva: Progress, p. 4, 34
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Kurz, Josef; Hauptová, Zoe (eds.) (1958–1997), Slovník jazyka staroslověnského / Lexicon linguae palaeoslovenicae, 4 vols. + supplements, Praha: Academia; digital ed. gorazd.org
  7. ^ SlaVaComp Metaglossar Griechisch–Kirchenslavisch, Universität Freiburg, slavistik-portal.de