Etymologically
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въврѣщи

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Forms

въврѣщи (vŭvrěšti) pf[1] Present въврьгѫ, въврьжеши.[2] The spelling -връ- is frequent in the Zographensis, the Marianus and the Suprasliensis.[2]

Etymology

It is formed from Old Church Slavonic въ- (vŭ-) + врѣщи (vrěšti, “to throw”).[1][3] Its base continues Proto-Slavic *verťi (“to throw, cast”), which Derksen writes *vergti; the same verb is Serbo-Croatian vȑći (“to put, throw”), Slovene vrẹ́či (“to throw”) and Ukrainian веречи (veréčy).[4][1][5]

Derksen derives it from Proto-Indo-European *uergʷ- and compares Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍀𐌰𐌽 (wairpan, “to throw”), whose p LIV explains by an assimilation in Germanic.[4][1] Vasmer and Sadnik instead connect it with Sanskrit वर्जति (várjati, “turns”) and Latin vergō (“to bend, turn”), Vasmer with the Gothic verb as a possible further relative;[5][3][1] Sadnik calls any further connection uncertain.[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

In the oldest Gospel manuscripts it renders Ancient Greek βάλλω (bállō, “to throw”): ꙇ множицеѭ и въ огнь въвръже • ꙇ въ водѫ • да ꙇ би погоубилъ “and often it has thrown him into the fire and into the water, to destroy him” (Mc 9, 22 in the Zographensis, Marianus, Assemanianus and Savvina kniga).[6]

Semantic evolution

Besides βάλλειν and Ancient Greek ἐμβάλλω (embállō, “to throw in”), the canonical texts use it for ῥίπτειν, χαλᾶν, ἀκοντίζειν, ὠθεῖν and κατείργειν.[6][2] It is used of the widow who cast more into the treasury than all the others (Mc 12, 43), and of the body cast into Gehenna (Mt 5, 29).[6][2] The reflexive въврѣщи сѧ means to throw oneself, as Peter into the sea (J 21, 7), and figuratively it can mean to send, as in сьнь ваврьже кь женѣ твоѥи “he sent a dream to your wife” in the Gospel of Nicodemus.[6][1] SlaVaComp's lexicon of the Old Bulgarian service books lists it for βάλλειν, ἐκβάλλειν, ἐμβάλλειν, ῥίπτειν, χαλᾶν and even φυτεύειν “to plant”.[7]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To throw in, cast into; for ἐμβάλλειν, βάλλειν, ῥίπτειν.[6][2][1]
  2. (reflexive, въврѣщи сѧ) To throw oneself; for βάλλειν ἑαυτόν.[6]
  3. (figurative) To send, put into.[6][1]
  • врѣщи
  • изврѣщи
  • отъврѣщи
  • низъврѣщи
  • възврѣщи
  • поврѣщи

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e Slovník nejstarších staroslověnských památek (digital ed., Gorazd, Slovanský ústav AV ČR, gorazd.org); cf. Cejtlin, R. M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, É. (eds.) (1994), Staroslavjanskij slovar' (po rukopisjam X–XI vekov), Moskva: Russkij jazyk
  3. ^ a b c Sadnik, Linda; Aitzetmüller, Rudolf (1955), Handwörterbuch zu den altkirchenslavischen Texten, Heidelberg: Winter / 's-Gravenhage: Mouton, p. 334
  4. ^ a b Derksen, Rick (2008), Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 4, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 515
  5. ^ a b Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), Ètimologičeskij slovar' russkogo jazyka, transl. and suppl. by O. N. Trubačev, 4 vols., Moskva: Progress, p. 1, 294–295
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Kurz, Josef; Hauptová, Zoe (eds.) (1958–1997), Slovník jazyka staroslověnského / Lexicon linguae palaeoslovenicae, 4 vols. + supplements, Praha: Academia; digital ed. gorazd.org
  7. ^ SlaVaComp Metaglossar Griechisch–Kirchenslavisch, Universität Freiburg, slavistik-portal.de