Etymologically
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fur

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fur1 thief

Forms

fur m (plural furi)[1]

  • Cunia gives it as noun and adjective: feminine furã, plural furi, feminine plural furi or fure.[2]
  • Other spellings: FÚR, plural fúri, in Papahagi's dictionary;[3] für in Weigand's glossary;[4] fur, plural furi, and the feminine furā in the village of Turia.[5]
  • With a prothetic a-: afur in Nikolaidis, as Pascu records it,[6] and in Cunia and Wiktionary.[2][1]

Etymology

The thief is inherited from Latin fūr (“thief”).[3][6][1] The word is shared with archaic Romanian fur and Megleno-Romanian fur;[7][8][9] the Latin word also survives in Italian furo and Old French fur.[10][7]

De Vaan traces Latin fūr to Proto-Italic *fōr- and Proto-Indo-European *bʰōr (“thief”), with the cognate Ancient Greek φώρ (phṓr, “thief”); he mentions the older view that Latin borrowed the Greek word, and doubts it because of the many Latin derivatives.[11] Wiktionary connects the Proto-Indo-European noun with the root *bʰer- (“to carry”).[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Boiagi's grammar of 1813 is among the sources Pascu cites for fur "thief, brigand".[6]

Semantic evolution

The Latin sense "thief" is kept;[12][2] Papahagi's quotations also use it for brigands in the mountains.[3] Cunia records es fur, "to go off to the mountains as a brigand", and the saying furlu acatsã furlu "it takes a thief to catch a thief"; a woman who da pãni a furlor ("gives bread to thieves") is a dishonest one.[2][3]

Timeline

  • 1813 – fur “thief” in Boiagi's grammar, as cited by Pascu.[6]
  • 1894 – für “robber” in Weigand's glossary.[4]
  • 2005 – fur, feminine furā, “thief” in the village of Turia.[5]

Meanings

Noun

  1. A thief, robber.[2][3][1]
  2. A brigand.[3][6]

Adjective

  1. Thieving.[2]

Word family

  • furac
  • furami
  • furilji
  • furescu
  • furcudar
  • furtu

fur2 to steal

Forms

fur (third-person singular furã, participle furatã)[1]

  • First conjugation: aorist furai, imperfect furam, participle furatã, verbal noun furari.[2]
  • Other spellings: FUR (furái, -rát, -ráre) in Papahagi's dictionary;[3] fúru (furái, furátă, furáre) in Mihăileanu's Romanian-based spelling;[13] furu (furai, furatu) in Katsanis and Dinas's verb list.[14]
  • Wiktionary also gives furu, afur and afuru;[1] Pascu records afurare in Nikolaidis and Mihăileanu.[15]

Etymology

The verb is inherited from Vulgar Latin fūrō (“to steal”), the active form of Latin fūror (“to steal”);[1] Papahagi, Pascu and Katsanis and Dinas cite the Latin verb in its active infinitive.[3][15][14] It is shared with Romanian fura and Megleno-Romanian fur;[15][8][9] Italian furare and Old French furer continue the same Latin verb.[10]

Latin fūror is formed from fūr (“thief”).[12] De Vaan traces fūr to Proto-Italic *fōr- and Proto-Indo-European *bʰōr (“thief”).[11]

Semantic evolution

Besides "to steal", Aromanian uses the reflexive mi fur for slipping away unseen (s-furã di-acasã "he stole away from home"); Papahagi compares the same reflexive sense in old Romanian texts.[3][2] With somnul "sleep" as subject it means "to fall asleep": s-lu furã somnul "so that sleep takes him".[16][2] A feeling can also "steal" someone: nj-ti furã dorlu shi jalea "longing and grief overcome you".[2][3]

Timeline

  • 1901 – fúru “to steal” in Mihăileanu's dictionary.[13]
  • 1905 – fur “to steal”, and l-furã somnul “he fell asleep”, in Papahagi's glossary of folk tales.[16]
  • 1990 – furu, first conjugation, in Katsanis and Dinas's verb list.[14]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To steal, rob.[2][3][1]
  2. (reflexive) To slip away secretly.[2][3]
  3. (of sleep, as subject) To come over someone;[2][16] mi furã somnul “I fall asleep”.[2][16]

Word family

  • furat
  • furari

fur3 oven

Forms

fur n (plural fururi)[17]

  • FUR, plural fúre, which Papahagi labels northern;[3] fúru in Mihăileanu's dictionary;[13] fur beside furnu in Dalametra's.[18]
  • Papahagi also records FÚRRU "oven".[19]

Etymology

The oven is a short form of furnu: Pascu lists this form among its forms,[15] and Cunia and Papahagi refer to furnu for it.[17][3] Furnu is inherited from Latin furnus (“oven, bakehouse”).[15][1][12] Papahagi compares Albanian furrë,[3] which REW lists among the descendants of the Latin word, with Italian forno and French four.[10]

Latin furnus had an older form fornus;[12] Wiktionary traces it through Proto-Italic *fornos to Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to be warm”).[1]

Timeline

  • 1901 – fúru “oven” in Mihăileanu's dictionary.[13]
  • 1906 – fur beside furnu in Dalametra's dictionary.[18]

Meanings

Noun

  1. An oven, for baking bread and other food.[20][3][13]
  • furnu
  • Romanian fur
  • Romanian fura

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 475
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Papahagi, Tache (1974), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, 2nd augmented ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. 572
  4. ^ a b Weigand, Gustav (1894), Die Aromunen: ethnographisch-philologisch-historische Untersuchungen, vol. II: Volksliteratur der Aromunen (with a glossary), Leipzig: J. A. Barth, p. 305
  5. ^ a b Бара, Мариана; Каль, Теде; Соболев, Андрей Н. (2005), Южноарумынский говор села Турия (Малый диалектологический атлас балканских языков, серия монографий 1), p. 349
  6. ^ a b c d e Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 1, 89
  7. ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001)
  8. ^ a b Saramandu, Nicolae (coord.) et al. (2010–), Dicționarul dialectului meglenoromân, general și etimologic, fascicles in Fonetică și dialectologie XXIX–, p. 183
  9. ^ a b Capidan, Theodor (1935), Meglenoromânii III: Dicționar meglenoromân, București: Academia Română, p. 132
  10. ^ a b c Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
  11. ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  12. ^ a b c d Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  13. ^ a b c d e Mihăileanu, Ștefan (1901), Dicționar macedo-român, București, p. 203
  14. ^ a b c Κατσάνης, Νικόλαος; Ντίνας, Κωνσταντίνος (1990), Γραμματική της κοινής κουτσοβλαχικής, Θεσσαλονίκη: Αρχείο Κουτσοβλαχικών Μελετών, p. 138
  15. ^ a b c d e Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 1, 90
  16. ^ a b c d Papahagi, Pericle (1905), Basme aromâne și glosar, București: Academia Română, p. 599
  17. ^ a b Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 473
  18. ^ a b Dalametra, I. (1906), Dicționar macedo-român, București: Academia Română, p. 93
  19. ^ Papahagi, Tache (1974), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, 2nd augmented ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. 575
  20. ^ Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 474