Etymologically
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ashteptu

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Forms

ashteptu (participle ashtiptatã)[1]

  • First conjugation: aorist ashtiptai, imperfect ashtiptam, participle ashtiptatã, infinitive ashtiptari.[2][3][4]
  • Other spellings: ashtept in Wiktionary;[1] AȘTÉPTU in Papahagi's dictionary;[4] aștéptu in Mihăileanu's Romanian-based spelling;[5] așteptu in DIARO;[6] αστέπτου (asteptu), also αστσέπτου, in Nikolaidis's Greek script;[7] Kavalliotis's word list has it in Greek script, read by its editor as asteptu;[8] astéptu in Daniil's Tetraglosson as Leake printed it.[9]
  • Regional forms: asteptu and astseptu in Weigand's texts;[10] aştéptu in the dialect of Metsovo.[11]

Etymology

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *astectō (“to wait”),[4][12][1] an assimilated form of Latin adspectō (“to look at”), aspectō.[4][1][13][14] Pascu explains the Latin verb, "to look at often or closely", as taking the sense of exspectō (“to wait for”), and Katsanis and Dinas give the same Latin source.[12][3] The Latin verb is a frequentative of aspiciō (“to behold”),[15] a compound of speciō (“to see, observe”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *spekjō and Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to look”).[16]

Because Aromanian also uses the verb for receiving guests, Pușcariu reports Geheeb's derivation from exceptō (“to receive”), and Byhan, after Cihac, the same verb with its consonants transposed;[17][18] Nikolaidis takes it from expectō.[7] Wiktionary sees the guest sense as either an influence of exspectō or a natural extension of waiting.[1] Pascu compares Albanian pres (“to wait; to receive, welcome”) for this sense.[12]

The verb is common to the four Eastern Romance languages: Romanian aștepta, Megleno-Romanian ștet and Istro-Romanian așteptu.[14][13] The assimilated form also survives in southern Italy, as Sicilian astittari, while Italian aspettare continues the unassimilated verb.[19][13]

Earliest recorded meaning

Kavalliotis's word list of 1770 has it for Greek καρτερώ (karteró, “I wait”).[8] Daniil's Tetraglosson has si va se astéptu "and I will wait".[9]

Semantic evolution

The first sense is to wait, to wait for someone or something.[20][4] From waiting for guests it also means to receive or welcome them, as in Mihăileanu's "they all received the pasha".[5][20][4] Pascu also records the sense "to accept", from Dalametra and Boiagi.[12] In Metsovo it further means to expect or hope for, and with a negation to be impatient.[11]

Timeline

  • 1770 – asteptu (in Meyer's reading) “I wait” in Kavalliotis's word list.[8]
  • 1802 – si va se astéptu “and I will wait” in Daniil's Tetraglosson, as printed by Leake in 1814.[9]
  • 1894 – asteptu “I expect” in Weigand's glossary.[10]
  • 1901 – aștéptu “to wait, to receive” in Mihăileanu's dictionary.[5]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To wait, to wait for; to await.[20][4][1]
  2. To receive, welcome (guests).[20][4][5][1]
  3. (regional, Metsovo) To expect, hope for; with a negation, to be impatient.[11]
  • ashtiptari
  • ashtiptat
  • Romanian aștepta

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 146
  3. ^ a b Κατσάνης, Νικόλαος; Ντίνας, Κωνσταντίνος (1990), Γραμματική της κοινής κουτσοβλαχικής, Θεσσαλονίκη: Αρχείο Κουτσοβλαχικών Μελετών
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h Papahagi, Tache (1974), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, 2nd augmented ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. 236
  5. ^ a b c d Mihăileanu, Ștefan (1901), Dicționar macedo-român, București, p. 54
  6. ^ Caragiu Marioțeanu, Matilda et al. (1997), Dicționar aromân (macedo-vlah) DIARO, A–D, București, p. 91
  7. ^ a b Νικολαΐδης, Κωνσταντίνος (1909), Ετυμολογικόν λεξικόν της κουτσοβλαχικής γλώσσης, Αθήνα, p. 96
  8. ^ a b c Meyer, Gustav (1895), Albanesische Studien IV: Das griechisch-südrumänisch-albanesische Wörterverzeichnis des Kavalliotis, Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, phil.-hist. Classe 132, p. 62
  9. ^ a b c Leake, William Martin (1814), Researches in Greece, London (prints Daniil of Moscopole's Tetraglosson), p. 388
  10. ^ a b Weigand, Gustav (1894), Die Aromunen: ethnographisch-philologisch-historische Untersuchungen, vol. II: Volksliteratur der Aromunen (with a glossary), Leipzig: J. A. Barth, p. 295
  11. ^ a b c Δασούλας, Φώτης (2013), Το βλαχικό ιδίωμα του Μετσόβου, 2nd ed.
  12. ^ a b c d Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 1, 45
  13. ^ a b c Candrea, I.-A.; Densusianu, Ov. (1907–1914), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române: elementele latine (A–Putea), București
  14. ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001)
  15. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  16. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  17. ^ Pușcariu, Sextil (1905), Etymologisches Wörterbuch der rumänischen Sprache I: Lateinisches Element, Heidelberg: Carl Winter
  18. ^ Byhan, Arthur (1899), Istrorumänisches Glossar, Sechster Jahresbericht des Instituts für rumänische Sprache zu Leipzig: 174–366
  19. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
  20. ^ a b c d Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net)