tumoare

Forms

tumoare f (plural tumori)^[1] The variant tumoră, with plural tumori too, is recorded in DEX and DN, and tumoară is rare.^[2][3][4]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French tumeur, borrowed from Latin tumor (“swelling”): DEX, MDA2, the DLR and the neologism dictionaries name both, Wiktionary only French, Scriban only Latin.^{[2][5][4][6][1][7]} The French word is a 16th-century reshaping of an older tumour, borrowed from Latin.^[8] That noun is formed from Latin tumeō (“to swell”) + -or.^[9][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is from 1852, in Manualul sănătății, Brezoianu's translation of Raspail's household medical handbook, which speaks of tumours of the joints, tumori la încheieturi.^[5][4]

Semantic evolution

The word has stayed a medical term for an abnormal growth of tissue.^[2][4] Șăineanu's dictionary glosses it simply as a swelling, while the DLR quotes Bianu's warning that not every swelling is a tumour, an abscess for example.^[10][4] Tumoare albă, an old name for tuberculous osteoarthritis, has gone out of use;^[4][5][11] tumoare benignă and tumoare malignă are the current terms.^[4][5][11]

Timeline

• 1852 – tumori la încheieturi “tumours of the joints” in Raspail's household medical handbook.^[5][4]
• 1870 – recorded in Costinescu's dictionary.^[4]
• 1929 – Șăineanu glosses it as a medical term for a swelling.^[10]

Meanings

Noun

1. (medicine) A tumour: a mass of new tissue formed in an organism by an abnormal, excessive multiplication of cells; popularly bolfă, umflătură: tumoare benignă, tumoare malignă.^[2][5][11]
2. (obsolete) tumoare albă: tuberculous osteoarthritis.^[5][4]

Related words

• Latin tumor
• French tumeur

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 1153
3. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. tumoare
4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. tumoare
5. ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 1298
6. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. tumoare
7. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1355
8. ^ Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
9. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
10. ^ a b Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 671
11. ^ a b c Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. tumoare