realizare

Forms

realizare f (plural realizări)^[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian realiza + -re: the long infinitive of the verb, used as a noun.^[2][3][4][1] The verb, recorded from about 1832, is a 19th-century loan from French réaliser.^[3][5][6][1] Wiktionary adds that it can also be analysed within Romanian as real with the suffix -iza.^[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The DLR's first quotations show the sense “bringing about, carrying out”: Nicolae Bălcescu writes of the new science seeking the realization of justice and brotherhood among men, and a calendar of 1855 speaks of those who knew how to profit „pentru realizarea planurilor” “for the carrying out of the plans”.^[4] MDA2 dates the word by the 1878 edition of Bălcescu's history of Michael the Brave, in which the passage was printed.^[3]

Semantic evolution

From the action the word passed to its result, a thing achieved, and then to a work of art or science and to the act of creating it.^[4][2] MDA2 also records the senses “obtaining something” and “success, triumph”.^[3] The neologism dictionaries give “success” as a sense of its own.^[7][8] MDA2 gives the obsolete realizație as a synonym.^[3]

Timeline

• c. 1832 – the verb realiza in Iordache Golescu's Condica.^[3]
• 1855 – realizarea planurilor “the carrying out of the plans” in a calendar.^[4]
• 1893–1895 – Damé lists the word with a reference to îndeplinire.^[9]
• 1955–1957 – the DLRLC records the senses “thing achieved” and “creation, work”.^[10]

Meanings

Noun

1. The act of carrying something out and its outcome; fulfilment, accomplishment.^[2][3]
2. Something done or obtained, an achievement: realizările echipei din ultimii ani “the team's achievements of recent years”.^[2][8]
3. A creation, a work of art or science; the making of such a work.^[2][4]
4. success, a triumph.^[3][7]

Related words

• realiza
• real
• realizație

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 925
3. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 663
4. ^ a b c d e Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. realizare
5. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. realiza
6. ^ Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. realiza
7. ^ a b Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. realizare
8. ^ a b Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. realizare
9. ^ Damé, Frédéric (1893–1895), Nouveau dictionnaire roumain-français, 4 vols., Bucarest: Imprimerie de l'État, p. s.v. realizare
10. ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 3, 694