rețetă

Forms

rețetă f (plural rețete)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Modern Greek ρετσέττα (retsétta, “prescription”), itself from Italian ricetta, according to Ciorănescu, who follows Tiktin.^[2] DEX 2009 also gives the Greek source and compares the Italian word and French recette.^[3] Tiktin himself speaks of several routes, from Latin recepta and Italian.^[4] MDA2 lists Greek, German Rezept, Italian, Latin, Hungarian recept and Russian рецепт (recept), comparing French;^[5][6] MDN gives Greek, German, French and Russian.^[5][6] Marcu and Maneca and Wiktionary take it from French and Italian.^[7][1]

The Italian word, recorded from about 1350, comes from the same Latin form, “(the formula) received”, the past participle of recipiō (“to take, to receive”), after the imperative “take” with which prescriptions began.^[8][9] The German word goes back to the same participle, after the note receptum (“received”) with which apothecaries marked a prescription as made up.^[10][11] The French word is the same Latin form.^[12]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin dates the first record to 1705, in Cantemir, with the form recetă.^[4] MDA2's first record is a document of before 1750 in Iorga's Studii și documente.^[5] Another document in the same collection has rățătă.^[4]

Semantic evolution

The first sense is medical: the formula for preparing a medicine and the doctor's written prescription, then the form on which it is written.^[5][3] Șăineanu (1929) adds the formula of an industrial process, and Scriban (1939) the takings of a performance and the formula for a dish.^[13][14] The takings sense is the one of French recette.^[7][14] Modern dictionaries add figurative senses: a practical solution to a difficulty, and a stock formula or pattern.^[5][3] The word had many old and regional forms: the neuter rețept (in a calendar of 1802), receptă, racetă, rățăptă and rețet.^[5][4]

Timeline

• 1705 – recetă in Cantemir, the first record.^[4]
• before 1750 – in a document published by Iorga, MDA2's first record.^[5]
• 1802 – the neuter rețept in a calendar.^[4]
• 1929 – the formula of an industrial process.^[13]
• 1939 – the takings of a performance and a cooking recipe.^[14]
• 1968 – rețetar “collection of recipes”.^[15]

Meanings

Noun

1. A prescription: a doctor's written order for a medicine and how to prepare or take it; by extension, the form on which it is written.^[3][5]
2. A recipe: the ingredients, proportions and method for a dish, a drink or another product.^[3][5]
3. (figurative) A practical solution to a difficulty; a means, a method; a stock formula.^[3][5]
4. The takings from the sale of tickets for a show.^[3][5]

Word family

• rețetar

Related words

• Italian ricetta
• French recette

References

1. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. rețetă
3. ^ a b c d e f g DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 950
4. ^ a b c d e f Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. rețetă
5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 701
6. ^ a b Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual
7. ^ a b Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România
8. ^ Nocentini, Alberto; Parenti, Alessandro (2010), l'Etimologico: vocabolario della lingua italiana, Firenze: Le Monnier
9. ^ Cortelazzo, Manlio; Zolli, Paolo (1999), Dizionario etimologico della lingua italiana, 2nd ed. by Manlio Cortelazzo and Michele A. Cortelazzo, Bologna: Zanichelli
10. ^ Kluge, Friedrich; Seebold, Elmar (2011), Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache, 25th ed., Berlin / Boston: De Gruyter
11. ^ Pfeifer, Wolfgang, et al. (1993), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen, 2nd ed., Berlin: Akademie-Verlag; digital revised version in the DWDS, dwds.de
12. ^ Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
13. ^ a b Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 547
14. ^ a b c Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1123
15. ^ Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. rețetar