Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word primă

Confidence
Established
Formation
Borrowing
First attested
1833 More words from the 19th century
Borrowed from
French prime
Ultimate origin
Latin praemium

Forms

primă f (plural prime)[1]

Etymology

The noun for a bonus or premium is borrowed from French prime.[2][3][4][1] French took this noun from English premium, from Latin praemium (“reward”).[1][5] DN compares the Latin word directly.[6]

Earliest recorded meaning

MDA2's first record is of 1833, with the sense of a reward in money.[3]

Semantic evolution

Șăineanu (1929) gave three senses: the yearly sum paid to an insurance company, a sum granted as an encouragement, and a gift to customers or subscribers.[7] Scriban (1939) called the word a barbarism for premiu.[5] The DLRLC (1955–1957) defined it as extra pay for raising the quality and quantity of production.[8] The music sense, the interval of a unison, is also French.[2][9]

Timeline

  • 1833 – first record, “reward in money”.[3]
  • 1929 – the insurance, encouragement and customer-gift senses in Șăineanu.[7]

Meanings

Noun

  1. A bonus: a sum paid to someone on top of their basic pay as a reward for good work.[2][3][1]
  2. primă de asigurare: an insurance premium;[2][3] primă de export: an export subsidy or tax exemption;[2][3] primă de economie: an extra sum paid to savers above the interest rate.[2][3]
  3. (music) A unison: the smallest possible interval, between two notes of the same pitch.[2]
  • prim
  • premiu
  • French prime

Usage notes

A separate regional noun primă “ribbon” (DEX's primă²), used to tie girls' plaits or adorn young men's hats, is recorded in Transylvania;[2][8] DEX compares prim.[2][8] The Lexicon de la Buda (1825) already gives it as “ribbon”.[10] The old phrases de-a prima, din primă “from the beginning” and regional în primă “too early” come from Latin prima.[11][3]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 875
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 539
  4. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. primă
  5. ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1, 1050
  6. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. primă
  7. ^ a b Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 1, 511
  8. ^ a b c Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 3, 569
  9. ^ Costăchescu, Adriana; Dincă, Daniela; Dragoste, Ramona; Popescu, Mihaela; Scurtu, Gabriela (2009–2010), Dicționar de împrumuturi lexicale din limba franceză (DILF), 2 vols., Craiova: Universitaria, p. s.v. primă
  10. ^ Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 545
  11. ^ Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. primă

Related etymologies

  • cap · also from French
  • dura · also from French
  • pur · also from French
  • pană · also from French
  • pat · also from French
  • masă · also from French
  • lac · also from French
  • primar · also from French
Cite this entry

“Primă.” Etymologically, 11 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/prim%C4%83. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

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