Etymology and origin of the Romanian word primă
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Borrowing
- First attested
- 1833 More words from the 19th century
- Borrowed from
- French prime
- Ultimate origin
- Latin praemium
Forms
primă f (plural prime)[1]
Etymology
The noun for a bonus or premium is borrowed from French prime.[2][3][4][1] French took this noun from English premium, from Latin praemium (“reward”).[1][5] DN compares the Latin word directly.[6]
Earliest recorded meaning
MDA2's first record is of 1833, with the sense of a reward in money.[3]
Semantic evolution
Șăineanu (1929) gave three senses: the yearly sum paid to an insurance company, a sum granted as an encouragement, and a gift to customers or subscribers.[7] Scriban (1939) called the word a barbarism for premiu.[5] The DLRLC (1955–1957) defined it as extra pay for raising the quality and quantity of production.[8] The music sense, the interval of a unison, is also French.[2][9]
Timeline
- 1833 – first record, “reward in money”.[3]
- 1929 – the insurance, encouragement and customer-gift senses in Șăineanu.[7]
Meanings
Noun
- A bonus: a sum paid to someone on top of their basic pay as a reward for good work.[2][3][1]
- primă de asigurare: an insurance premium;[2][3] primă de export: an export subsidy or tax exemption;[2][3] primă de economie: an extra sum paid to savers above the interest rate.[2][3]
- (music) A unison: the smallest possible interval, between two notes of the same pitch.[2]
Related words
- prim
- premiu
- French prime
Usage notes
A separate regional noun primă “ribbon” (DEX's primă²), used to tie girls' plaits or adorn young men's hats, is recorded in Transylvania;[2][8] DEX compares prim.[2][8] The Lexicon de la Buda (1825) already gives it as “ribbon”.[10] The old phrases de-a prima, din primă “from the beginning” and regional în primă “too early” come from Latin prima.[11][3]
References
- ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h i DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 875
- ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 539
- ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. primă
- ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1, 1050
- ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. primă
- ^ a b Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 1, 511
- ^ a b c Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 3, 569
- ^ Costăchescu, Adriana; Dincă, Daniela; Dragoste, Ramona; Popescu, Mihaela; Scurtu, Gabriela (2009–2010), Dicționar de împrumuturi lexicale din limba franceză (DILF), 2 vols., Craiova: Universitaria, p. s.v. primă
- ^ Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 545
- ^ Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. primă
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Primă.” Etymologically, 11 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/prim%C4%83. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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