Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word pirat

Confidence
Established
Formation
Borrowing
First attested
1825 Vasile Vârnav's translation of Muratori's Filosofia moralicească More words from the 19th century
Borrowed from
French pirate
Ultimate origin
Ancient Greek πεῖρα
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Ancient Greek πεῖρα (peîra)
Ancient Greek πειράω (peiráō)
Ancient Greek πειρατής (peirātḗs)
Latin pīrāta
Romanian pirat
From the same root
Ancient Greek ἔμπειρος (émpeiros) ← πεῖρα
Latin pīrātia ← pīrāta

Forms

pirat m (plural pirați)[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French pirate, as DEX, DLR, MDA2 and Wiktionary give it;[2] DN and MDN add Italian and Latin pīrāta, and MDN Greek.[2][3][4][5][6][1] French borrowed its word from the Latin in 1213.[7] The Latin, first in Cicero, is from Ancient Greek πειρατής (peiratḗs, “brigand, sea robber”), an agent noun of πειράω (peiráō, “to try, to attack”), from πεῖρα (peîra, “trial, attempt”).[7][8][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is in Vasile Vârnav's 1825 manuscript translation of Muratori's Filosofia moralicească, where pirați is glossed “corsairs, sea robbers”.[4][3]

Semantic evolution

A periodical of 1829 wrote that the Archipelago had been cleared of pirați sau corsari;[9] Negulici gave the word in 1848 with Latin pirata.[3][9] The figurative sense, an unscrupulous man who grows rich by plunder, is in Scriban, who cites “the pirates of the press”.[10] Later senses are the aircraft hijacker (pirat al aerului), unlicensed radio stations (stație pirat) and, as an adjective, counterfeit recordings.[2][6][4] In thieves' slang a pirat is a policeman.[11]

Timeline

  • 1825 – pirați in Vârnav's translation of Muratori.[4][3]
  • 1829 – pirați sau corsari in a periodical.[3]
  • 1848 – in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms.[9]

Meanings

Noun

  1. A pirate, sea robber, corsar.[2][4][1]
  2. pirat al aerului: an air pirate, a hijacker.[2][12]
  3. (figurative) An unscrupulous person who grows rich by plunder or robbery.[2][10]
  4. (slang) A policeman.[11]

Adjective

  1. Illegal, unlicensed, clandestine: stație pirat “pirate radio station”, navă pirată “pirate ship”.[6][5]
  2. (of recordings) counterfeit.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic
  3. ^ a b c d e Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. pirat
  4. ^ a b c d e f Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 387
  5. ^ a b Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România
  6. ^ a b c Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual
  7. ^ a b Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
  8. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  9. ^ a b c Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București
  10. ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună
  11. ^ a b Volceanov, George (2007), Dicționar de argou al limbii române, București: Niculescu
  12. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional

Related etymologies

Cite this entry

“Pirat.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/pirat. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

Last edited on . ·