Etymology and origin of the Romanian word pirat
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Borrowing
- First attested
- 1825 Vasile Vârnav's translation of Muratori's Filosofia moralicească More words from the 19th century
- Borrowed from
- French pirate
- Ultimate origin
- Ancient Greek πεῖρα
Etymology tree
Forms
pirat m (plural pirați)[1]
Etymology
It is borrowed from French pirate, as DEX, DLR, MDA2 and Wiktionary give it;[2] DN and MDN add Italian and Latin pīrāta, and MDN Greek.[2][3][4][5][6][1] French borrowed its word from the Latin in 1213.[7] The Latin, first in Cicero, is from Ancient Greek πειρατής (peiratḗs, “brigand, sea robber”), an agent noun of πειράω (peiráō, “to try, to attack”), from πεῖρα (peîra, “trial, attempt”).[7][8][1]
Earliest recorded meaning
The first record is in Vasile Vârnav's 1825 manuscript translation of Muratori's Filosofia moralicească, where pirați is glossed “corsairs, sea robbers”.[4][3]
Semantic evolution
A periodical of 1829 wrote that the Archipelago had been cleared of pirați sau corsari;[9] Negulici gave the word in 1848 with Latin pirata.[3][9] The figurative sense, an unscrupulous man who grows rich by plunder, is in Scriban, who cites “the pirates of the press”.[10] Later senses are the aircraft hijacker (pirat al aerului), unlicensed radio stations (stație pirat) and, as an adjective, counterfeit recordings.[2][6][4] In thieves' slang a pirat is a policeman.[11]
Timeline
- 1825 – pirați in Vârnav's translation of Muratori.[4][3]
- 1829 – pirați sau corsari in a periodical.[3]
- 1848 – in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms.[9]
Meanings
Noun
- A pirate, sea robber, corsar.[2][4][1]
- pirat al aerului: an air pirate, a hijacker.[2][12]
- (figurative) An unscrupulous person who grows rich by plunder or robbery.[2][10]
- (slang) A policeman.[11]
Adjective
- Illegal, unlicensed, clandestine: stație pirat “pirate radio station”, navă pirată “pirate ship”.[6][5]
- (of recordings) counterfeit.[4]
Related words
- piraterie
- Latin pīrāta
References
- ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic
- ^ a b c d e Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. pirat
- ^ a b c d e f Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 387
- ^ a b Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România
- ^ a b c Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual
- ^ a b Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
- ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^ a b c Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București
- ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună
- ^ a b Volceanov, George (2007), Dicționar de argou al limbii române, București: Niculescu
- ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Pirat.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/pirat. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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