mașinărie

Forms

mașinărie f (plural mașinării)^[1] An older variant mahinărie is recorded in Pontbriant's dictionary of 1862.^[2][3]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian mașină + -ărie, on the model of the French noun.^{[3][4][2][1][5]} Scriban names both the Romanian noun and the French word as its sources.^[6] The dictionaries of neologisms take it straight from French: borrowed from French machinerie.^[7][8] The French noun is itself formed from machine with the suffix -erie.^[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is in Carol Wallenstein's Elemente de deseniu și de arhitectură (Bucharest, 1836), where it stands beside carpentry and joinery as one of the crafts that need a plan on paper: „de dulgherie, tîmplărie, mașinărie” “of carpentry, joinery, machinery”.^[2][3]

Semantic evolution

The first sense is the whole set of parts and gears that make up a machine's mechanism, and by extension a machine itself.^[3][4] In the 20th century writers used it of the human body seen as a mechanism, as in Jean Bart's „mașinăria aceea umană distrusă” “that ruined human machinery”, and of an organisation working like a machine: Sadoveanu wrote of the merchant „mașinăria” of Amsterdam starting up in the morning.^[2] Scriban and the CADE add the place where the machines of a ship or factory are housed, the engine room.^[6][9] Dialect speakers in Muntenia use it collectively for many machines of different kinds and for a single machine, a sowing machine for instance.^[10] A dialect atlas records the sense “stomach (of people and cattle)” at Lăpugiu de Sus near Brad.^[2][3]

Timeline

• 1836 – first record, in Wallenstein's handbook of drawing and architecture.^[2][3]
• 1862 – the variant mahinărie in Pontbriant's dictionary.^[2]
• 1929 – Șăineanu glosses it as “mechanism”.^[11]
• 1931 – the CADE gives “engine room of a ship or factory”.^[9]

Meanings

Noun

1. The whole set of parts and gears forming the mechanism of a machine or group of machines.^[4][3]
2. By extension, a machine: Au adus mașinării noi în fabrică.^[4][3]
3. (figurative) Something that works like a machine, such as the human body or an organisation.^[2][12]
4. (regional) The stomach of a person or an animal.^[3][2]

Related words

• mașină
• French machinerie

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. mașinărie
3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1441
4. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 623
5. ^ Wikționar (Romanian Wiktionary), ro.wiktionary.org
6. ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 780
7. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. mașinărie
8. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. mașinărie
9. ^ a b Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1926–1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească”, București: Cartea Românească, p. s.v. mașinărie
10. ^ Marin, Maria; Mărgărit, Iulia, Glosar dialectal. Muntenia, București: Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti”
11. ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 388
12. ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 3, 26