arogant

Forms

arogant m or n (feminine singular arogantă, masculine plural aroganți, feminine/neuter plural arogante)^[1] The first record, in 1799, has the form arogante;^[2] arogant follows in 1847.^[2]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Latin arrogāns (“insolent, presumptuous”) as a learned word, with French arrogant and Italian arrogante as further models, as DELR gives it.^[2] DEX and Marcu name French and Latin, DA and Tiktin French, and Scriban Latin.^{[3][4][5][6][7]}

The Latin adjective is the present participle of arrogō (“to claim for oneself”), formed from ad- and rogō (“to ask”).^[8][1] French took it in the 13th century; the idea of an undue claim stayed with arroger, that of haughtiness with the adjective and the noun arrogance.^[9]

Earliest recorded meaning

DELR's first record is from 1799, in Paul Iorgovici's Observații, where arogante and the noun arogánție appear in a list of new words he proposed for the language.^[2] The form arogant is next found in Teulescu in 1847, and Negulici's dictionary of 1848 explains it as “proud, vain, arrogant”.^[2][10][6]

Semantic evolution

The meaning has stayed close to the Latin and French: someone who claims more than is due to them, haughty and insolent.^[2][3] It is used of people, often as a noun (un arogant), and of a tone or manner that shows arrogance; as an adverb it means “arrogantly”.^[5][11] The noun aroganță came in at the same time, first as aroganție in 1799 and in Țichindeal in 1808.^[2]

Timeline

• 1799 – arogante and aroganție in Iorgovici's list of proposed new words.^[2]
• 1808 – aroganție in Țichindeal.^[2]
• 1847 – arogant in Teulescu.^[2]
• 1848 – Negulici's dictionary of neologisms.^[10][6]

Meanings

Adjective

1. arrogant, haughty, impertinent: behaving with or showing aroganță; often as a noun, an arrogant person.^[3][11][1]

Adverb

1. Arrogantly.^[11][5]

Word family

• aroganță

Related words

• aroga
• Latin arrogāns

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. aroga
3. ^ a b c DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 63
4. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. arogant
5. ^ a b c Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. arogant
6. ^ a b c Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. arogant
7. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1, 124
8. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. arrogāns
9. ^ Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert, p. s.v. arrogant
10. ^ a b Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București, p. s.v. arogant
11. ^ a b c Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 101