questus Latin · revision 9996

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la queror}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkʷɛs.tʊs], [ˈkʷɛs.tuːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkʷɛs.tus], [ˈkʷɛs.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''questus''' ''m'' (genitive questūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|queror|-tus|t1=to complain]], an action noun.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reconstructs ⟨queror⟩ as Proto-Italic ⟨*kʷes-e/o-⟩ and reports the derivation from [[ine-pro|*ḱwes-|t=to hiss, sigh]], comparing [[sa|श्वसिति|tr=śvásiti|t=hisses, snorts]], but finds it semantically not compelling.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is Cicero, and Gaffiot cites his ''Prō Quīnctiō''.^(Köbler 2010)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a complaining, complaint, plaint, outcry, as in Cicero, Catullus and Virgil's ''caelum questibus implet'' “fills the sky with laments”; a reproach, as in Lucan; and in Ovid any plaintive sound.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it is the same as [[querēla]].^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it for a claim and a dispute.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of plaintive sounds.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|complaint]], lament, outcry.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A plaintive sound.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A claim; a dispute.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[queror]]

+ * [[querimōnia]]

+ * [[querēla]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}