praecludo Latin · revision 9994

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Caesar|origins=ine-pro *kleh₂w-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [prae̯ˈkɫuː.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [preˈkluː.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''praeclūdō''' (present infinitive praeclūdere, perfect active praeclūsī, supine praeclūsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|prae-|claudō|t2=to shut]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨claudō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*klaud-e/o-]], from [[ine-pro|*kleh₂u-d-|t=to shut]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is Caesar, of blocking.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Caesar c. 50 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to shut in front, close, block up, bar, as of gates; from Cicero to close a province or a way to someone, preclude, prevent; in Pliny to prevent access to; and in Seneca to bar someone's way, confine.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to close, shut, shut up.^(Stelten 1995) English ''preclude'' (1610s) is from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of precluding.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1610s – English ''preclude'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To close, [[m|en|block]] up, bar.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To prevent access to.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To bar the way of, confine.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|preclude]], [[m|en|prevent]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[praeclūsiō]]

+ * [[praeclusor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[claudō]]

+ * [[interclūdō]]

+ * [[occlūdō]]

+ * [[en|preclude]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}