deprimo Latin · revision 9977
17 Oct 2026, 01:02 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *per-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdeː.prɪ.moː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈdɛː.pri.mo]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''dēprimō''' (present infinitive dēprimere, perfect active dēpressī, supine dēpressum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|dē-|premō|t2=to press]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reconstructs ⟨premō⟩ as [[itc-pro|*pres-]], [[ine-pro|*pr-es-|t=to press]], perhaps cognate with [[lt|perti|t=to beat]].^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are Plautus, of humbling, and Accius, of pressing down.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC and Accius 170–c. 90 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to press or force down, as in Accius; to weigh down, as in Seneca; to sink, lower, as in Cicero; figuratively to humble, depress, as in Plautus; and in Seneca to lower a sound or dull a colour.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to press or weigh down, afflict, oppress.^(Stelten 1995) English ''depress'' (late 14th century) is from Late Latin ''dēpressāre'', a frequentative of it.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of humbling.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius uses it of pressing down.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of lowering.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''depress'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To [[m|en|press]] down, force down.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # To weigh down.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To sink, [[m|en|lower]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|humble]], [[m|en|depress]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To lower (a sound); to dull (a colour).^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[dēpressiō]]
+ * [[dēpressus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[premō]]
+ * [[en|depress]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}