superbia Latin · revision 9965

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la superbus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [sʊˈpɛr.bi.a]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [suˈpɛr.bi.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''superbia''' ''f'' (genitive superbiae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|superbus|-ia|t1=proud, haughty]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Köbler connects ⟨superbus⟩ with [[m|la|super|t=above]].^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is Plautus, of pride.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant lofty self-esteem, pride, haughtiness, arrogance, mostly in a bad sense, and in Vitruvius splendour of appearance.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means pride, insolence, and British Medieval Latin counts it as the first of the mortal sins.^(Stelten 1995)^(DMLBS) It survives as Italian ''superbia'', Spanish ''soberbia'' and Portuguese ''soberba''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of splendour.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|pride|alt=Pride]], [[m|en|arrogance]], [[m|en|haughtiness]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Splendour, magnificence of appearance.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[superbē]]

+ * [[superbiō]]

+ * [[superbiter]]

+ * [[superbus]]

+ * [[super]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Lewis & Short give ''arrogantia'', ''insolentia'' and ''fastīdium'' as synonyms.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}