decemvir Latin · revision 9941

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Cato|origins=la decem, la vir}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [dɛˈkɛm.wɪr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [deˈt͡ʃɛm.vir]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''decemvir''' ''m'' (genitive decemvirī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Also written as two words, and abbreviated ''Xvir''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a compound of [[decem]] “ten” and [[vir]] “man”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is Cato, of native officials in subject territory, and Köbler's is Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a member of a board of ten men, permanent or temporary: in Cicero the ten keepers of the Sibylline books, the ten traditionally appointed in 451 BC to codify the laws in the Twelve Tables, and commissioners to distribute land; in Varro judges deciding whether a person was free or a slave; and in Cato native officials in subject territory.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the lawgivers of 451 BC and of the keepers of the Sibylline books.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of judges in cases of liberty.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A member of a board of ten, a [[m|en|decemvir]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # One of the ten who drew up the Twelve Tables.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[decem]]

+ * [[vir]]

+ * [[triumvir]]

+ * [[en|decemvir]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Lewis & Short treat it under the plural ''decemvirī''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}